克拉克的洪活动取向分析.pptVIP

Activity(作为观） Being(存在) Being human 做人 Static 静 Self-cultivation 自我修养 Take no action 无为而治 Growing(节制) The ideal state 理想状态 Doing(作为) Do something 做事 Dynamic 动 Aggressive 进取 Adventure 冒险 Key words 一些文化重视做事或活动，他们强调成就； 另一些文化重视存在或即时享乐，他们强调体验生活并寻求对欲望的满足； 还有一些文化重视控制，他们强调使自己远离物质而约束欲望 Doing As for activity, Americans are so action-oriented that they cannot even conceive what it would be like to be “being”-oriented. One sociologist has described the American as an “Electric Englishman” American have become very proficient at problem solving and decision making. American society highlight “doing”. People always accomplish personal value through doing. American are hard-working. They hope themselves can be promoted and raised the pay by their achievement. On the other hand, American focus on the type of activity. They more like adventure than thinking. Being Being is the opposite of doing. Patience is regarded as virtue rather than doing nothing. Chinese Culture is a good example, which is advocate self-cultivation and take no action. Besides, in china, When people want to have a knowledge to someone usually ask he/she background information. Such as, family solution, degree of education, department of job, social relationship and so on. And people do not care of what he/she do and what achievement he/she got. We see many of the worlds traditional cultures as follow: being And some Arab countries like: Egyptian ,Saudi ,Lebanese being Growing Growing play a high value on who we are . They think the central of human activities is to make themselves more integrity in the process of self-development. Take the Buddhist monk for example, to be more completed in personality, they spend lifetime to contemplate and think seriously and deeply. 对文化中活动取向的理解能使你认识到这样一些问题：人们是怎样对待工作和娱乐的； 人们是如何做出决策的； 在以存在取向占主导地位的文化中，决策很可能是情绪型的；相反，在做事取向和控制取向的文化中，决策很可能分别强调实证和理性。 So we think : To activity orientation the traditional country more tend to being; And the new country more tend to doi