毕业论文（设计）-基于8051单片机的烘炉温度自动检测系统的研究设计 .doc

摘 要 本文用8051单片机实现烘炉温度的控制。烘炉是一类使用非常广泛的工业设备，利用单片机实现温度的实时控制，对提高劳动生产率和产品质量，节约能源都有着积极意义。 本控制系统是对水加热的控制过程，工作时水的温度由数字温度计和精密放大器放大至0~5v电压信号，由ADC0809转换成单片机所能接受的数字信号，此信号与温度的给定值比较得到温度偏差，通过PID控制算法运算得到控制量，此控制量通过对可控硅触发角的控制，来调节加在烘炉上的电压的通断时间以达到控温的目的。 系统的给定值等参数可由键盘输入，并可以随时修改，给定温度和PID的参数可显示在LED上。 关键词： 单片机；烘炉；控制 Abstract This article introduced with 8051 monolithic integrated circuits realizations resistance furnace temperature control, the resistance furnace is a kind of quantity greatly but the broad industrial equipment, using the monolithic integrated circuit realization temperature real-time control, the numeral demonstrated, to enhance the labor productivity and the product quality, saves the energy all to have the positive sense. This control system mainly is the controlled process which adds water heats up, when the work the water temperature enlarges by the digital thermometer and the precision amplifier to the 0~5v voltage signal, transforms the digital signal by ADC0809 which the monolithic integrated circuit can accept, this signal and the temperature given value comparison obtains the temperature deviation, obtains the control quantity through the PID control algorithm operation, this control quantity adds after the silicon-controlled rectifier on the resistance furnace the voltage passes breaks the time by to achieve controls the warm goal. System given value Parameter and so on sampling period by the keyboard entry, and may revise as necessary, assigns at the same time the temperature and the sampling period demonstrates on LED. Keywords: single chip computer; electric furnace; control  目 录 第一章 概 述 4 1.1 题目来源及意义 4 1.2 烘炉温度控制系统的结构工作原理 4 第二章 烘炉温度控制系统的硬件设计 7 2.1硬件电路设计原则 7 2.2单片机的选择 7 2.2.1 8051芯片介绍 8 2.2.2 8051的引脚介绍 9 2.3 单片机程序存储器的扩展 10 2.3.1 地址译码器的选择 11 2.3.2 程序存储器的设计 11 2.4 温度检测接口电路设计 13 2.4.1 数字温度计的选择 13 2.4.2 AD转换器的接口电路设计 15 2.5键盘、显示器接口电路 19 2.5.1 显示器接口电路 19 2.5.2 键盘接口电路 22 2.6报警接口电路 23 2.7 烘炉温度控制执行机构的设计 24 第三章 温