Hiros_hima(广岛).docxVIP

Hiroshima一：The history and development of Hiroshima:1.History1.1.The history of Hiroshima can be roughly devided into two parts, the first one is the establishment of Hiroshima:Hiroshima was founded in 1589, on the coast of the Seto [seit?u; se-]濑户 Inland Sea, and became a major urban centre during the Meiji period. The city is located on the broad, flat delta [delt?]三角洲of the Ota River, which has 7 channel outlets dividing the city into six islands which project into Hiroshima Bay. The city is almost entirely flat and only slightly above sea level; to the northwest and northeast of the city, some hills rise to 700 feet.Hiroshima was founded by Mori Motonari毛利元就 as his capital. About a half century later, after the Battle of Sekigahara关原之战, his grandson and the leader of the West Army Mori Terumoto毛利辉元lost the battle. The winner Tokugawa Ieyasu德川家康 deprived Mori Terumoto of most of his fiefs封地，采邑including Hiroshima and gave Aki province to another daimyo大名（日本封建时代的大领主） who had supported him.Finally Asano was appointed the daimyo of this area and Hiroshima served as the capital of Hiroshima han during the Edo period日本江户时代. After the han was abolished the city became the capital of Hiroshima prefecture县；管区，辖区；地方官的任.During the First Sino-Japanese War中日战争, Hiroshima emerged as a major supply and logistics base for the Japanese military, a role that it continued to play during World War II. On the 6th of August 1945, Hiroshima was heavily damaged by the nuclear weapon Little Boy, the second such device to be detonated, and the first ever used in military action. The American atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki was the major factor leading to the surrender of the Japanese government six days after the latter attack.1.2.The second one is after the warHiroshima was rebuilt after the war, with new modern buildings rising all over the city. In 1949, Hiroshima was proclaimed a City of Peace by the Japanese parliament, at the initiative of its mayor ShinzoHamai (b. 1905-d.