高一英语人教版必修四课件：Unit54-Grammar.pptVIP

Discovering useful structures roller coaster, whichever, whatever, free-fall, wherever, southeastern, indoor, outdoor, craftsmen, old-fashioned, steam-engine, world-famous, horseback Read the compound words from the reading passage. 英语构词法 (Word Formation) 英语一些常用的构词法: 1. 合成 (Compounding) 2. 转化 (Conversion) 3. 派生 (Derivation) 1. 合成(Compounding) 由两个或更多的词合成一个词,有的用连字符号”-”连接,有的直接连写 在一起. wood(木)＋cut(刻)＝woodcut(木刻) man(人)＋kind(种类)＝mankind(人类) air(空气，空中)＋sick (恶心的，晕的) ＝airsick (晕机的) merry-go-round 旋转木马 up-to-date 最新的 life-size 与真人一般大 2. 转化(Conversion) 由一种词类转换成另一种词类。 （即一般拼写不变，但是词类发生了变化，有时发音也变化） water n. 水 ---- water v. 浇水 dirty adj. 脏的 ---- dirty v. 弄脏 He went in and sat down. The army downed a plane. 3.派生(Derivation) 由一个词根加上前缀或后缀构成另一个词。 1)后缀(suffix) ①名词后缀 -or actor sailor -ist scientist -ment achievement movement -(a)tion preparation exception -y difficulty discovery ②形容词后缀 -ful useful cheerful -able comfortable enjoyable -ed manned cultured -less careless fearless -ive active decisive -an European Indian ③动词后缀 -ize realize modernize -en widen strengthen ④副词后缀 -ly really extremely -ward backward eastward ⑤数词后缀 -teen fourteen fifteen -ty forty fifty -th ninth twelfth 2)前缀(prefix) 一般不造成词类的转变，只是引起意思的变化。 un- (不, 或做相反动作) unhappy undo im- (不) impossible impolite re- (重新) retell rewrite mis- (错误的) misunderstand 个别前缀会引起词类的变化 en- endanger enlarge a- asleep awake We shall carpet the room. 2. A group of policemen were stationed in the area after the explosion. 3. The car backed through the gate of the hall. 4. They decided to back his plan. 5. It was late at night that they topped the high mountain.