托福阅读否定信息题考前解析.docxVIP

智课网TOEFL备考资料托福阅读否定信息题考前解析 这里我们继续介绍新 托福 的另外一种题型： 否定信息题 Negative Factual Information questions (0 to 2 questions per set ) 首先我们来介绍一下否定信息题，Negative Factual Information questions。这种题型的提问方式一般为： l According to the passage,which of the following is NOT true of X? l The author’s description of X mentions all of the following EXCEPT ? 在解答这种题目的时候首先要注意的是避免惯性思维的影响。在前面讲过的所有题目当中，或者是平时大家的做题习惯当中，我们都是看到与原文相符或者和原文一样的选项就选，但是到了这个题目，需要选择不属于题干内容或者与原文相反的选项，这是需要注意的一点。 一般这种题目的定位范围都在原文的某一个或者两个自然段，所以第一步需要的就是根据题目大定位到某个自然段，然后根据选项特征对应原文进行选题。我们来看一个例题： Paragraph 7: The Cognitive Approach. Cognitive psychologists assert that our behavior is influenced by our values, by the ways in which we interpret our situations and by choice. For example, people who believe that aggression is necessary and justified-as during wartime-are likely to act aggressively, whereas people who believe that a particular war or act of aggression is unjust, or who think that aggression is never justified, are less likely to behave aggressively. Paragraph 8: One cognitive theory suggests that aggravating and painful events trigger unpleasant feelings. These feelings, in turn, can lead to aggressive action, but not automatically. Cognitive factors intervene. People decide whether they will act aggressively or not on the basis of factors such as their experiences with aggression and their interpretation of other people’s motives. Supporting evidence comes from research showing that aggressive people oftendistort other people’s motives. For example, they assume that other people mean them harm when they do not. 9. According to the cognitive approach described in paragraphs 7 and 8, all of the following may influence the decision whether to act aggressively EXCEPT a person’s ○Moral values ○Previous experiences with aggression ○Instinct to avoid aggression ○Beliefs about other people’s intentions 这道题目的定位范围是两个自然段，四个选项中有三个会influence the decision whether to act aggressively，有一个选项不会“影响一个人决定