3.如何造句.docVIP

四级写作复习专题系列之— 如何造句 一．常用结构 1．简单句：包括一个主语和一个谓语，主要有以下几种结构： ⑴ 主语 + 谓语 e.g. Grandma coughs. ⑵ 主语 + 谓语 + 宾语 e.g. The girl likes ice cream. ⑶ 主语 + 谓语 + 直接宾语 + 间接宾语 e.g. My sister sends me a beautiful dress. ⑷ 主语 + 谓语 +宾语 +宾语补足语 e.g. Wearing gloves keeps my hands warm. ⑸ 主语 + 系动词 + 表语 e.g. The water feels cold. 2. 并列句： 由两个或两个以上的简单句构成，这些简单句通过宁并列连词或表并列连词的关系副词连接，有时也可以用分号连接，它们在整个句子中地位是平等的，没有主从之分。 e.g. We must work hard, or we will fall behind others. ( 选择关系) Honey is sweet, but the bee stings. ( 转折关系) 常见并列连词或副词一览表 常见并列连词或副词 并列 and, as well as, both…and…, not only…but also…,neither…nor… 转折对比 but, however, whereas, while, yet, instead, rather than, nevertheless, not…but…, in contrast, on the contrary … 选择 or, or else, otherwise, either…or… 递进 besides, also, even, moreover, likewise (1.同样地，一样地。2.也，而且。), furthermore, what’s more, in addition,… 因果 for, since, because, now that, thus, so, therefore, hence, consequently, accordingly, as a result… 时间 then, meanwhile, subsequently, afterward, later,… 解释 that is (to say), in other words… (辨析：in a word) 3.复合句：由一个主句和一个或多个从句构成，主句表达关键信息，从句补充修饰。 ▲ 主要从句类型 例句 主语从句 That more and more young students study abroad is a tendency. When the meeting will begin is unknown. 宾语从句 I won’t believe what I’ve seen. Do you know who will be our new chairman? 同位语从句 The whole China is excited at the news that Beijing will hold the 2008 Olympics. 定语从句 This is the town where she was born. 状语从句 (让步) Whatever you choose, you should think it over. (方式) Pleas do it as I told you. (时间) You can raise you hand after you finish your writing. (地点) Wherever you go, you shouldn’t forget your motherland. (原因) Since you say so, I believe it is true. (条件) I shall have a sunshine bath tomorrow if it is sunny . (比较) Jack works harder than Jim does. as hard as, the same as (目的) in order that lest 以免 (结果) so that, 4. 主动句和被动句 5. 倒装句和强调句 6. 比较句 ⑴ 相似性：