5 Uni 5 17th century.pptVIP

111. Philosophy, Politics and Literature in England 1. Francis Bacon 2 Thomas Hobbes 霍 布 斯 3.John Locke 洛 克 4.John Milton约翰·弥尔顿 5. Descartes 迪卡尔 6.Baruch Spinoza斯宾诺莎 V French Classicism （3）These scientists abandoned the traditional reliance on authority and the accepted method to direct reasoning. Instead, they attached great importance to direct abservation of nature and experiments. Numerous revolutionary concepts and inventions were developed during the period. 11. Science 1. Kepler (开普勒) 2. Galileo Galilei 3. Sir Isaac Newton 4. Inventions of New Instruments 5. Two Merits Shared by the Greet Scientists of the 17th century. 1. Kepler Johannes Kepler (December 27, 1571?– November 15, 1630) was a German mathematician, astronomer and astrologer(占星家）, and key figure in the 17th century scientific revolution. He is best known for his laws of planetary motion（行星运动定律，开普勒定律）. These works also provided one of the foundations for Isaac Newtons theory of universal gravitation. 2. Galileo Galileo （1）introduction Galileo (1564- 1642) , was an Italian physicist, mathematician, astronomer and philosopher who played a major role in the Scientific Revolution. His achievements include improvements to the telescope and consequent astronomical observations, and support for Copernicanism. Galileo has been called the father of modern observational astronomy, the father of modern physics, the father of science, and the Father of Modern Science. Stephen Hawking says, Galileo, perhaps more than any other single person, was responsible for the birth of modern science. 3.Sir Isaac Newton (1) introduction: Sir Isaac Newton (4 January 1643 – 31 March 1727 : 25 December 1642 – 20 March 1726]) was an English physicist, mathematician, astronomer, natural philosopher, alchemist(炼金术士）, and theologian, and is considered by many scholars and mem