ch2-1 eometrical optics.pptVIP

Chapter 2 Geometrical optics Content Image formation Paraxial imaging of spherical surface system Thin lens Optical instrument 潮戎捡哲旬争蜒慎蝶曙缔版叉鹿楷辞汇叛梳肃乘鲍填折滥腋袭缮遏淖苦轰ch2-1 eometrical opticsch2-1 eometrical optics Geometrical optics Diffraction , which we will discuss in Chapter 4, occurs whenever a wave encounter a barrier whose dimensions are roughly of the same size (or smaller than) as the wavelength of the wave. We know that the wavelength of visible light is in the range of 400 to 700nm. Even a tiny mirror or lens of diameter only a few mm is 4 orders of magnitude larger than the wavelength of light. Diffraction effects are thus almost always negligible in the formation of images by mirrors and lenses. This is the realm of geometrical optics, in which light beam encounter objects that are larger than the wavelength of the light. 庇涩脂禾湖歪撒倍酗隐厚券铂鹃东蝗防帛讽驶雌阻窥懈鸦现泄卤障拆挝化ch2-1 eometrical opticsch2-1 eometrical optics §1 Image formation 1.1 real(实) image（object） and virtue（虚） image（object） Some of optical instruments are used to image in actual applications, for example, telescope 、microscope、（photographic） camera. Imaging is one of center problem in geometric optics. In this chapter, we will introduce some conceptions about imaging, and then study the law of imaging. Rays (or prolonged line of the rays) intersected at one point is called concentric beam （同心光束). The concentric beam in the isotropic media (各向同性) is actually a spherical wave(球面波). The optical system is generally made up of a number of refracting surfaces separating the media of refractive indices n1, n2, … ni…. Such as mirror, lenses and other complicated optical instruments 炭煤洋昌分荫禹潍华蒸戒蛆吁贯雾妮达厂抡傈闺抗抠滑旺胚魄小驮盔擅孤ch2-1 eometrical opticsch2-1 eometrical optics If rays from point Q travels through optical system after refracted or reflected and then focus at other point Q , we say that the object Q is imaged into Q by the optical system. If the rays is convergent, we say that the image is real image(实像); if the