谈汉语中量词的使用特点.docVIP

摘 要 汉语中的量词，尤其是名量词，特别丰富多彩，这一点是英语、俄语、日语等外国语不能比拟的，这是汉语的重要特点之一。根据量词所修饰的词类把量词分为名量词与动量词。量词有不同于其他词类的语法性质。本文主要归纳总结了汉语中量词的使用特点，如量词的形象性，量词的色彩性，量词的模糊性，量词的修辞性以及其他特点。汉语中的量词，除度量衡量词外，或多或少具有形象化的描述作用。量词的色彩性，主要是感情色彩和语体色彩等。模糊概念要比明晰概念更富有表现力，在文学作品中，如果恰当运用量词的模糊性，不但会使语言准确、精炼，而且会使文章产生深邃的意境。在修辞中大量使用量词是现代汉语的一大显著特色，量词具有多种修辞作用，能起到使语言生动形象的作用。这是汉语中量词的主要的使用特点。 关键词：量词；形象性；色彩性；模糊性；修辞性 ABSTRACT The variety of quantifiers, noun quantifiers in particular, is one of the characteristics of Chinese, which is unparalleled among all the languages. According to the word class of its modifiers, quantifier is divided into noun quantifier and verb quantifier. Quantifier is possessed of its unique characters. The paper summarizes the characteristics of Chinese quantifiers, e.g. vividness, color, fuzziness, rhetoric, etc. Chinese quantifies can not only measure words but also describe things. The color of quantifier includes emotional color and stylistic feature. Since fuzzy concept is more expressive than distinct concept, proper use of fuzziness of quantifiers in literary works creates the effect of exactness, refining and profoundness. Frequent use of quantifiers is a conspicuous distinction of modern Chinese. Due to its various rhetoric functions, quantifier contributes to the vividness of language, which is the major characteristic of Chinese quantifier. Key words：quantifier； vividness；color；fuzziness；rhetoric……..……………………………………………..…….….…………….…….I ABSTRACT………..………………………………….……………………..…………….II 前言 ………………….……………………………………………….….….……………..1 一、汉语中量词的分类及其语法特点…..…...………………………….…..….………….2 （一）量词的分类………………………..………………………………………………2 1.名量词..............………….……………………..…….…………...…………….2 2.动量词..............………….……………………..…….…………...…………….2 （二）量词的语法特点 ………….………………….…………..……...………………..3 二、量词的形象性..............................……..….………………………….…..….………….4 三、量词的色彩性..............................……..….………………………….…..….………….6 四、量词的模糊性..............................……..….………………………….…..….………….8 五、量词的修辞性..