Part 1 Unit 11 Lathe and Turning.ppt

Lathe and Turning The Lathe and Its Construction Lathe Cutting Tools Lathe Operations Cutting Speeds and Feeds The carriage 拖板(溜板) The quick-change gearbox is employed in plain turning, facing and thread cutting operations. Since that gearbox is linked to the spindle, the distance that the apron (and the cutting tool) travels for each revolution of the spindle can be controlled and is referred to as the feed. 快速变换齿轮箱可用于普通车削、端面切削和螺旋切削作业中。 由于这种齿轮箱与主轴相连，主轴每转一圈溜板箱(和切削刀具)运动的距离能被控制，这距离就可以被认为是进给。 Lathe cutting tools 车床切削刀具 The shape and geometry of the lathe tools depend upon the purpose for which they are employed. 车刀的外形和几何形状取决于其用途。 Turning tools can be classified into two main groups, namely, external cutting tools and internal cutting tools . 车刀可分为两大类，即外车刀和内车刀。 Turning tools 外圆车刀 Facing tools 端面车刀 Cutoff tools 切断刀 Thread-cutting tools 螺纹车刀 Thread-cutting tools have either triangular, square, or trapezoidal cutting edges, depending upon the cross section of the disired thread. 根据所要求车削螺纹的横断面形状，螺纹车刀不仅有三角形、方形刀刃还有梯形刀刃。 Form tools 样板刀，成形刀 Form tools have edges especially manufactured to take a certain form, which is opposite to the desired shape of the machined workpiece. 成形刀的刃口专门加工成一特定的形状，其形状与加工工件的理想形状相反。 Fig.11.2 indicates an arrangement of this latter type, which includes the carbide tip, the chip breaker, the pad, the clamping screw(with a washer and a nut),and the shank. 图11.2表示了机械紧固安装形式，其中包括硬质 合金刀头、断屑器、垫片、紧定螺钉（以及垫圈 和螺母），还有刀杆。 the carbide tip 硬质合金刀头 the chip breaker 断屑器 the pad 垫片 the clamping screw 紧定螺钉 washer 垫圈 nut 螺母 As the name suggests, the function of the chip breaker is to break long chips every now and then, thus preventing the formation of very long twisted ribbons that may cause problems during the machining operation. 正如名称所示，断屑器的功用是不时地将长 切屑断开，这样可防止形成很长的切屑扭转带， 因为长扭转带可能会在机加工中引发问题。 long twisted ribbons 长（切屑）扭转带