unit 13 14 语调 (Intonation).ppt

语调 (Intonation) 语调 (Intonation) 人们在交际中为了表情达意, 除了语 音手段之外，还要利用另一种语音手段， 这就是说话时调门的高亢或低沉, 声音的 上升或下降, 这在语音学上称之为音高 (pitch)。在语流中音调高低和升降的规 律就是我们要研究的语调。所谓语流， 就是意义相对完整的语句（短语、句子 或若干句子组成的话语）。在英语的说 话和朗读中不但要注意句子的重读、音 的长度、音的变化，而且要注意 语调 (Intonation) 一个句子或一个短语的语调, 因为英语的 词本身没有固定的音高, 也没有音高的变 化, 只有当它们组合成句, 在一定的句义 下, 它们才有相对的音高和音高的变化。 如果不能比较准确地掌握这门语言的音 调变化规律, 不知道各种语调变化及其代 表的含意, 不掌握语调怎样变化和在什么 情况下变化, 就难以准确、清楚地理解对 方所表达的思想感情, 也难以准确、清楚 地向对方表达自己的思想感情, 也就难以 谈到用它作为工具很好地表情达意、进 行交际了。 一、英语的语调的三种作用： A. 句法作用：句法上不同类型的句子 （如陈述句和一般疑问句）各有不同的 语调。 B.表意作用：同一个句子可以通过不 同的语调手段来表示不同的强调或突 出部分，如：They are our teachers. He couldn’t find his bag. C.表示感情态度的作用：有时语调也 表示说话人的感情态度, 如: Mary was always late. Video : you bought a new car.31天打造完美发音 语调.flv 二、 英语的语调的四种主要调型 英语的语调的四种主要调型：升调、降调、降升调、升降调， 其中最主要的是降调和升调。 （一） falling intonation What is falling intonation? A pattern which your voice falls to a low pitch by the end of a thought group or statement. What does it communicate? Certainty: tell a fact ,or believe you are right Completion: you are done speaking ,your listener now can respond. Which word in a thought group get falling? The final content word of a sense group. (most of the time) Example: Eric builds flutes, he began building flutes after college, he has one flute of his very own. 最后一个重音音节开始降，就意味前面的音节不能用降调 1 发音-Intonation 1-320x240.Flv I did the last third of the instrument. This is my flute.2 发音-Intonation 2-320x240.Flv ( “ third” and “ my”here receive the primary stress, the speaker wants to emphasize the information, while instrument and flute are not newly mentioned information, both the listener and the speaker know they are talking about the flute (instrument) ) （二）rising intonation What is rising intonation? A pattern in which your voice rises to a high pitch by the end of a thought or statement. What does it communicate? Uncertainty: you are not sure of the truth or you are asking the listener to an