本科学位论文__棉团铁线莲小孢子发生与雄配子体形成.docVIP

延 边 大 学 （ 二 〇 一 二 年 六 月 摘 要 棉团铁线莲（Clematis hexapetala）是毛茛科（Ranunculaceae）铁线莲属（Clematis）多年生草本植物。通过文献调查发现，国内关于棉团铁线莲的研究报道极少，其研究主要集中在化学成分研究方面，但尚未涉及到小孢子发生与雄配子体发生问题。为了能将棉团铁线莲尽早开发利用，采用石蜡切片技术，观察棉团铁线莲小孢子发生和雄配子体的形成过程，揭示棉团铁线莲的胚胎学特征，为毛茛科铁线莲属胚胎学研究积累资料，而且对开展花药离体培养、杂交育种均有重要意义。研究结果表明：棉团铁线莲每个花药横切面呈蝶形，具四个花粉囊；小孢子在四分体中的排列以四分体型为主；成熟花粉粒近球形，属2-细胞花粉粒，花粉粒表面有3条萌发沟；花粉囊壁由4层细胞构成，即表皮（1层）、药室内壁（1层）中层（数层）、绒毡层（1层）；绒毡层发育属分泌型。 关键词：棉团铁线莲；小孢子；雄配子体 Abstract Clematis hexapetala, which belongs to Ranunculaceae Clematis is a kind of perennial herbs.According to the document investigation .Through the literature survey found that domestic reports of research on Clematis hexapetsla pall Chinese bulbul few, its research mainly focus on chemical composition research, but not yet involve microspore occurrence and male gametophyte problems. In order to bring Clematis hexapetsla pall early development and utilization, so Chinese bulbul study uses conventional paraffin technology, its microspore occurrence and male gametophyte development process of Chinese bulbul, revealing Clematis hexapetsla pall characteristic, embryology for the buttercup family, Clematis hexapetsla pall genera embryology research to develop, and accumulated data anther in vitro culture, hybrid breeding are to have the important meaning. The results of the study indicate that:The results indicated that the crose-section of anther was butterfly-shaped,each anther included four pollen sacs;microspore were tetrahedron-shaped;mature pollens were subglobose,two-cell type, with three germinal furrows;wall of pollen sac was consisted by four layers, epidermis（one layer）,endothecium（one layer）,middle layer（several layers） and tapetum（one layer）；tapeta were secretor type. Key words：Clematis hexapetsla pall；microspore；male gametophyte 目 录 引 言 1 第一章 材料与方法 3 1.1材料 3 1.2方法 3 第二章 结果与分析 4 2.1 花药壁的发育 4 2.2小孢子发生与雄配子体形成 4 2.2.1 小孢子发生 4 2.2.2 雄配子体形成 4 结论与讨论 7 参考文献 8 谢 辞 10 引 言 棉团铁线莲（Clematis hexapetala pall.），别名山蓼、棉花花