(新视野大学英语第二册Unit1.docVIP

Uint 1 Section A. Time-Conscious Americans Introduction: This is an expository essay. The author explains a social phenomenon in the U.S. ----Americans are time-conscious. He presents why and how Americans save time carefully by using examples and cause-effect analysis. In some paragraphs, the author’s statement is presented at the beginning and supported with specific details, and then the reason is given briefly. The article can be divided into 3 parts: Part 1 (Para 1-2) Americans save time carefully and treat it as if it were real – a precious resource. Part 2 (Para 3-7 ) Why how Americans work hard at the task of saving time. Part 3 (Para 8) It is taken as a sign of skillfulness or being competent to solve a problem or fulfill a job with speed in the U.S. I. New words 1. budget ①n. 预算，拨款 搭配：balance one’s budget 平衡预算 within / below budget 低于预算 a family budget 家庭预算 ②v.(for)做预算，盘算，安排 e.g.: He budgeted for buying a house ③a. 便宜的，合算的 e.g.: a budget dress 便宜的服装 ④budgetary (budget + ary) a. 预算上的 2. acute ①灵敏的，敏感的 e.g.: Dogs have an acute sense of smell. ②严重的，剧烈的 搭配：acute pain 剧痛 an acute lack of water 严重缺水 ③acuteness n. 敏锐 ④辨析：acute, sharp, keen acute指五官，感觉，智力的敏锐 sharp有刃的，锋利的，也指思想敏锐，语言尖锐 e.g.: a sharp knife 一把锋锐的小刀 a sharp tongue 刮嘴 keen锋利的，敏锐的与sharp与acute的意思相同还可表示热心的、着迷的 3. replace ①vt. 把…放回原处，取代 e.g.. She replaced the book on the shelf. ②vt. 取代，替代 (take the place of) e.g.: He has replaced Mr. Brown as President. 他取代布朗先生当了董事长。 ③辩析：substitute, replace [动词]substitute A for B = replace B with/by A [名词]substitute of A for B = replacement of B by/with A e.g.: She substituted honey for sugar. She replaced sugar with honey. 她用蜂蜜替代糖。 4. abrupt ①a. 突然的，意外的 e.g.: The meeting came to an abrupt end an abrupt change of policy 突然改变政策 ②a. （举止、言谈等）粗鲁的，鲁莽的 e.g.: When l asked her about her new job, she was quite abrupt with me. [辩析]abrupt. Rude (1) rude 指别人态度粗鲁，缺乏必要的礼貌用语，称呼或温和的态度等； (2) abrupt 则侧重指由于过于突然或缺乏事先考虑而表现出来的不够礼貌。 5. brief ①n. 摘要 in br