eq1041汽车制动系统的设计毕业论文.doc

摘 要 从汽车诞生时起，车辆制动系统在车辆的安全方面就起着决定性作用。汽车的制动系统种类很多，传统的制动系统结构型式主要有机械式、气动式、液压式、气液混合式。液压制动技术是如今最成熟、最经济的制动技术，并应用在当前绝大多数乘用车上。 目前，汽车所用制动器几乎都是摩擦式的，可分为鼓式和盘式两大类。盘式制动器的主要优点是在高速刹车时能迅速制动，散热效果优于鼓式刹车,制动效能的恒定性好,便于安装像ABS那样的高级电子设备。鼓式制动器的主要优点是刹车蹄片磨损较少,成本较低,便于维修、由于鼓式制动器的绝对制动力远远高于盘式制动器,所以普遍用于后轮驱动的卡车上，但由于为了提高其制动效能而必须加制动增力系统，使其造价较高，故轻型车一般还是使用前盘后鼓式。 本设计为前轴制动器采用浮动钳盘式制动器，后轴制动器为领从蹄式鼓式制动器。制动驱动形式为液压驱动形式，前后式（Ⅱ式）双回路制动控制系统。 关键词：汽车；制动系统；制动器；设计；真空液压  ABSTRACT Born from the car, the vehicle braking system on the vehicles security plays a decisive role. The vehicle brake system have many types. The traditional type of braking system structure mainly mechanical, pneumatic, hydraulic, gas-liquid hybrid. Now hydraulic brake technology is the most mature and most economical technology, and applied to the most cars on present. Currently, almost cars are used in friction brakes that is the drum and the disc. The main advantage of disc brakes is at high speed braking rapidly, resist heat is better than drum brakes, brake performance constant, easy to install as advanced electronic devices like ABS.The main advantage of drum brakes, brake shoe wear small, low cost, easy maintenance, because the absolute braking power of drum brakes is far higher than disc brakes ,so drum brakes are widely used for rear-wheel drive truck, but because In order to improve the braking performance and increased power brake system must be added to make it cost more, so light vehicles generally or to use front disc，rear drum brake. The design for the front axle floating brake caliper disc brakes, rear brake for the leading shoe drum brakes from. Drive in the form of brake hydraulic drive form, before and after the type (Ⅱ type) dual circuit brake control system. Key words：Brake；Parking Brake；Drum Brake；Disc Brakes；Hydraulic Drive 目 录 摘要 Ⅰ Abstract Ⅱ 第1章 绪论 1 1.1 课题背景及目的 1 1.2 国内外研究现状 1 1.3 课题研究方法 2 1.4 本设计应解决的难点 2 第2章 总体设计方案 3 2.1 制动能源的选择 4 2.2 驻车制动系 5 2.3 行车制动系 5 2.4 制动管路的布置及原理 5 2.4.1 制动管路的布置示意