必修4Unit1Womenofachievement语法主谓一致.docVIP

年 级 高一 学 科 英语 版 本 人教实验版 内容标题 必修4 Unit 1 Women of achievement 编稿老师 林静 【本讲教育信息】 一教学内容 必修4 Unit 1 Women of achievement 二知识精讲 在英语中，谓语受主语支配，其动词必须和主语在人称和数上保持一致，即主谓一致。一般来说，主谓一致要遵循三个原则：语法一致原则、意义一致原则和就近一致原则。 语法一致原则 即在语法形式上取得一致，谓语动词的单复数形式由主语的单复数形式决定。 单数名词、不可数名词、单个动词不定式短语、动名词短语以及句子作主语时，谓语动词要用单数形式。 To see is to believe.眼见为实。 Reading aloud is very important in learning English. 学习英语时大声朗读非常重要。 When they could finish the task is not known yet. 他们何时能完成任务还未知。 Whoever wants to join in the competition is asked to sign his / her name here. 要参加比赛的人请在这里签名。 注意：what引导的主语从句充当主语时，有时要what所指代的词的意义来决定谓语动词的数。 What he said is true. 他所说的是真的。 What we need are more volunteers. 我们所需要的是更多的志愿者。 2. 由连接词and或both … and连接的名词、动词不定式短语、动名词短语以及句子作主语时，谓语动词要用复数形式。 What he said and what he did have greatly encouraged the other students. 他的话及行为极大地鼓舞了其他学生。 Both his father and his mother are advanced workers. 他的爸爸和妈妈都是先进工作者。 注意：有时，一些用and连接的主语表达的却是单数的概念，这时谓语动词也应用单数形式。 （1）用and连接的名词表示同一人、同一物或同一概念作主语时 Bread and butter is nutritious for patients. 油面包对病人很有营养。 Early to bed and early to rise makes a man healthy, wealthy and wise. 早睡早起使人健康、富有和聪明。 The secretary and manager was speaking at the meeting. 那位书记兼经理在会上讲话。 （2）“each/every/no/ many a + 单数名词+ and + each/every/no/many a + 单数名词”作主语时 Every hour and every minute is precious. 每一小时，每一分钟，都很宝贵。 No man and no woman is not allowed to enter the hall. 每个人都不允许进入大厅。 3. “名词+as well as, rather than, like, but, expect, besides, with, together with, along with, including, in addition to+ 名词”结构作主语时，谓语动词第一个名词的数保持一致。 Tom as well as two of his friends was invited to the party. 汤姆以及他的个朋友一起被邀请参加宴会了。 Nobody but one teacher and three students was in the lab. 实验室只有一个老师和三个学生。 4. “more than one 或many a + 单数名词”作主语时，尽管其意义复数，但谓语动词还是用单数形式。 More than one student is against the decision. 不止一个学生反对这个决定。 Many a page in this book is missing. 这本书缺了许多页。 5. 不定代词either, neither, each, every 或no +单数名词和由some, any, no, every构成的复合不定代词作主语时，谓语动词用单数。 Nothing in the world moves fas