lecture23.pptVIP

First, let’s look at section 9.1, DNA damage and mutations. A heritable change in DNA sequence is called a mutation. Most frequently, the word mutation is applied to heritable alterations that affect the function of a gene. The other common source of point mutations is chemical alteration of a base. Some of these alterations occur naturally in the chemical environment of the cell, and are called spontaneous mutations. Here, we will talk about three kinds of spontaneous mutation. They are Deamination, Depurination, and Tautomerization. A3 → Single-strand break / 单链断裂 Peroxides, Fe2+, Cu2+