英语写作中的通顺与连贯.docVIP

英语写作中的通顺与连贯(一) 文章的通顺与连贯是一篇好文章必须具有的条件之一，它包括两个方面：一是指句子的通顺连贯，二是指段落的通顺连贯。 一、句子的连贯 如果一个句子的各个词或各个成分之间的连贯是既清晰又合理，那么这个句子就是连贯的、通顺的。要写出连贯通顺的句子需要注意以下问题： 关于正确使用平行句的问题 在英语中，所谓平行句就是把结构相似或相同，意义相关，语义一致的一个或几个词组或句子并列使用。包括名词短语、形容词短语、副词短语、动词短语、非谓语动词短语、从句等的平行。正确使用平行结构，既能使重点突出，又能使句子更易理解和连贯。例如： We should judge a person not only by what he says but also his deeds. 此句中what he said和his deeds在结构上是不平行的，因此其中一个应该被改正。即： We should judge a person not only by what he says but also by what he does.(从句的平行) 或We should judge a person not only by what his words but also his deeds.(名词短语的平行) We thought she was young, fair and a beautiful girl. 此句要么用名词短语的平行，要么用形容词短语的平行。即改为：We thought she was young, fair and beautiful.或We thought she was a young, fair and beautiful girl. He sat down at the table and began to read newspaper.(动词短语的平行) He likes playing basketball and collecting stamps.（非谓语动词的平行） The teachers and students have great faith and high hopes for you. 此句中的名词faith和hope尽管是平行的，但它们应该接不同的介词。改为：The teachers and students have great faith in and high hopes for you. 关于指代不明的问题 He told Tom that he had passed the driving-test. 句子中的第二个he究竟是指主语还是指Tom，模棱两可。我们可以理解为：He had passed the driving-test and he told Tom.也可理解为:He told Tom that Tom had passed the driving-test. 7. I went to see a film last night because she is a star I like. 因为句子中没有涉及第三者，所以很难判断she指代何人。改为：I went to see a film last night because the actress is a star I like. 8.LiMing was knocked down by a motorbike,but it was not badly hurt. It指代前面出现过的名词，这是it的基本用法之一。此句中唯一的名词是motorbike在此是泛指，故不能用it。改为：LiMing was knocked down by a motorbike,but was not badly hurt. 为避免此错误发生，写句子时要先分清代词要指代的对象。 关于修饰语的问题 9.我在会上作了重要的关于如何学好英语的报告。 误：He gave an important talk at the meeting about how to learn English well. 析：此句由于修饰语的位置错放而引起的意思模糊。从句子结构来看，很容易让人觉得修饰语about how to learn English well像是修饰the meeting，但根据汉语句子原意，应该修饰talk。改为：He gave an important talk about how to learn English well at the meeting。 10.他说了上课迟到的原因，没有人相信他。 He gave a reason for his being late for school,which nobody believe