江苏省淮安市新马高级中学2016届高三英语一轮复习提优讲义：阅读理解的做题方法与技巧（一） Word版含答案.docVIP

阅读理解的做题方法与技巧 在平时要养成良好的阅读习惯，同时做到精泛读结合，并且注意积累阅读中遇到的词汇。训练中要以限时阅读为主，把握好速度和准确性的关系，特别注意阅读理解的十大命题处的理解（各段首尾句、转折处、条件因果目的处、中文翻译处、特殊标点处、列举比方处、比较对比处、数字处、长难句、“灭绝师太”处）。在做题过程中要逐渐做到：快读文章笼统抓大意；回读文章对应答题。快读文章不仅容易获得文章的主题思想，而且可以减弱生词多对阅读的影响。所谓找对应就是明确文章表达的中心后，带着问题回读文章，找到相关信息（可能是同义替换），通过排除或对比来获得答案。这样既能减少阅读量，又能减轻阅读压力，从而提高阅读的信心和效率。 如何做细节理解题？ 方法指导篇 1.命题特点 细节理解题针对细节提问，考察学生的跳读能力以及对文章相关内容的理解并进行综合判断、分析的能力。答题依据是文章本身的内容。起常见命题方式有： 1由who,what,which,when,where,why,how many,how much,how long,how soon,how often等引出的问题。 2）which of the following is true/mentioned/not true/not mentioned? 3)All of the following are true EXCEPT_____ 2.分类及应对技巧 1）直接细节理解题 此类题目能直接找到答案，但选项往往与原句相似但并非一模一样，而用不同的词语或句型结构表达相同的意思，有时仅仅是表达方式上面稍作变化。不必通篇细读而应采取“带着问题找答案”的方法。从问题中抓住关键性词语，带着问题去阅读。 2）间接细节理解题 此类题目需要对原文信息进行合理的加工处理，然后再进行进一步的推理或鉴别。高考中这种题目占大多数，课通过有关词语和句子的转换，利用主要事实、图表‘图形来获取信息，然后利用因果、类比、时间、空间等关系将零碎的细节经过一系列加工、整理，做出正确的判断。 3）综合细节理解题 此类题目的信息不仅仅是文章的一句话，还可能涉及文章的某一个段落，他们分布再文章的不同地方。可按照题目顺序依次寻读文章内容，理解题目意思，把握好题目要求；也可以先看完文章，然后再做题，从宏观上把握文章的大意；也可将两者结合起来。 实战演练篇A There are two types of people in the world. Although they have equal degree of health and wealth and other comforts of life，one becomes happy and the other becomes unhappy. This arises from the different ways in which they consider things，persons，events and the resulting effects upon their minds. People who are to be happy fix their attention on the convenience of things：the pleasant parts of conversation，the well prepared dishes，the goodness of the wine and the fine weather.They enjoy all the cheerful things.Those who are to be unhappy think and speak only of the opposite things.Therefore，they are continually dissatisfied.By their remarks，they sour_the_pleasure_of_society，offend(hurt) many people，and make themselves disagreeable everywhere.If this turn of mind was founded in nature，such unhappy persons would be the more to be pitied.The intention of criticizing and being disliked is perhaps taken up by imitation(模仿)．It grows into a habit，unknown to its possessors.The habit may be strong，