1句子成分I主谓宾表定状补讲解.ppt

句子成分： 主语，谓语，宾语，表语，定语，状语和补足语 一、主语 主话是一个句子中所要表达,描述的人或物。 * 一、主语 主话是一个句子中所要表达,描述的人或物。 练习: 请找出下列句子的主语。 The boy comes from America. ( ___________________ ) 2. He usually went to school alone. ( ___________________ ) He代词作主语。 The boy名词作主语。 3. Studying English is very important. ( _______________________________ ) 4. To teach him a lesson seems quite necessary. ( _______________________________ ) To teach him a lesson不定式短语作主语 Studying English动名词短语作主语。 5. That he won the prize excited everyone. ( ____________________________ ) 6. It is important for us to have our dreams. ( ____________________________ ) it形式主语to have our dreams不定式短 语作真正的主语。 That he won the prize主语从句作主语。 7. It is obvious that he was wrong. ( _________________________________ ) 8. It is no use crying over spilt milk. ( _________________________________ ) it形式主语, crying over spilt milk动名词短 语作真正的主语。 it形式主语, that he was wrong 主语从句作真正的主语。 主语一般由名词、_________________, 或者相当于名词的词、短语或从句充当(包括 ______、______ 还有 ________)。另外, 当句子的主语为 __________、__________或 _________时, 主语部分太长, 为使句子平衡, 避免头重脚轻, 常用it作形式主语。 主语从句 主格代词(I、she等) 不定式 动名词 主语从句 动名词短语 不定式短语 二、 谓语 谓语是用来说明主语做了什么动作或处在什么状态。谓语可以由动词来担任.除了倒装等特殊情况外, 谓语总是位于主语的后面, 即“主语谓语”。 三、宾语 宾语是动作的对象或承受者，常位于及物动词谓语或介词后面。一般由名词、宾格代词(me, her等), 或者相当于名词的词、短语或从句充当 (包括不定式、动名词还有宾语从句)。宾语可分为直接宾语和间接宾语, 间接宾语说明动作是对谁或为谁而做, 直接宾语则是动作的承受者或结果。 练习：请找出下列句子的宾语。 1. He has never met her in person. ( ____________________________ ) 2. She handed him a book. ( ________________________________ ) 3. He likes to play basketball. ( ________________________________ ) to play basketball 不定式短语作宾语。 her 宾格代词作宾语。 him宾格代词作间接宾语, a book 名词作 直接宾语。 4. We enjoy listening to the music. ( ________________________________ ) 5. She said that she felt sick. ( _________________________________ ) that she felt sick 宾语从句作宾语。 listening to the music 动名词短语作宾语。 6. They sent the injured to hospital. ( ________________________________ ) 7. I find it impossible to believe her any longer. ( _____