IPv v培训讲义.ppt

* 链路层 做分段重组 * 先找有没有更大的 第一跳还行 直到不行为止 * Stateless autoconfiguration is a key feature of IPv6. It enables serverless basic configuration of the nodes as well as easy renumbering. Stateless autoconfiguration uses the information in the router advertisement (RA) messages to configure the node. The prefix included in the RA is used as the /64 prefix for the node address. The other 64 bits are obtained by the Interface Identifier, which in the case of Ethernet, is the EUI-64 format. RA are sent periodically. When a node boots, the node needs its address in the early stage of the boot process. It can be long to wait for the next RA to get the info to configure its interfaces. A node instead sends a Router Solicitation message to the routers on the net to reply immediately with a RA so the node can autoconfigure right away. All the routers respond with a normal router advertisement message with the all-nodes multicast address as the destination address. Stateless autoconfiguration, as it is today, does not address the issue of finding the DNS server for DNS resolution or registering the computer in the DNS space. These issues are currently being discussed at the IETF to enhance the autoconfiguration function. * This example shows the determination of the link-layer address of a neighbor, called Neighbor Solicitation. This function is similar to the Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) in IPv4. As a matter of efficiency, the request also sends the link layer address of the source node. The ICMP message of type 135, identified as neighbor solicitation, is sent on the link. The source address is the IPv6 address of the source node, if known. The destination address is the solicited-node multicast address corresponding to the IPv6 address of the destination node. The message also includes the link-layer address of the source node, so that the destination node will be able to use it right away. The destination node respond with an ICMP message of type 136, identified as neighb