个人整理大学英语第四册Summary和课后练习翻译.doc

Unit1 Summary 1. 人们常说骄兵必败。拿破仑和希特勒在俄罗斯的失败就是典型的例子。 2. 1812年，拿破仑率领大军入侵俄罗斯。他自信会马到成功，预言5周内攻下俄国。 3. 然而他未能料到会在莫斯科遭遇劲敌---俄罗斯的严冬，从而以失败告终。 4. 1941年，希特勒不宣而战，对苏联发动袭击。他希望速战速决，预计3个月结束战役。 5. 但是，他犯下了同样的致命错误---低估了俄罗斯冬季的严酷，而付出了惨重的代价。 6. 任何军事行动都必须考虑到自然因素。对俄罗斯人民而言，严冬是他们的冰雪卫士。 1. They say that pride comes before a fall. The failure of Napoleon’s and Hitler’s invasions of Russia is a good case in point. 2. In 1812, Napoleon led his Grand Army into Russia. Confident of a quick victory, he predicted the conquest of Russia in five weeks. 3. But he was not prepared for the devastating enemy that met him in Moscow---the severity of Russian winter. Thus he ended in failure. 4. In 1941, without a declaration of war, Hitler began an invasion of the Soviet Union. He expected a short campaign---to last no longer than 3 months. 5. But he made the same vital mistake ---underestimated the severity of Russian winter, and took a toll on his invading army. 6. The elements of nature must be reckoned with in any military campaign. For the Russian people, the winter was an icy defender. Translation 攻势已经持续了三天，但是我们并没有取得多少进展。我们在前线与敌人交战的部队遇到了强力的抵抗。师长（division commander）命令我们营（battalion）绕到敌人后方发起突然袭击。然而，要绕到敌人后方，我们必须越过一片沼泽地（marshland）。 我们很多人担心会陷入泥潭之中。我们营长决定冒一下险。我们在夜幕掩护下出发，不顾困难，奋勇向前。幸运的是，夜间气温突然下降到摄氏零下20度，烂泥地都结上了冰。由于这寒冷的天气，我们于天亮前到达并从敌人后方发起进攻。这一下扭转了战局。敌人没有戒备，不久便投降了。 The offensive had already lasted three days, but we had not gained much ground. Our troops 军队engaging the enemy at the front were faced with strong /fierce /stiff resistance. The division commander instructed our battalion to get around to the rear of the enemy and launch a surprise attack. To do so, however, we had to cross a marshland and many of us were afraid we might get bogged down in the mud. Our battalion commander decided to take a gamble. We started under cover of darkness and pressed on in spite of great difficulties. By a stroke of luck, the temperature at night suddenly dropped to minus 20 degrees Celsius and the marsh froze over. Thank