neisseria+(li)培训讲义.pptVIP

Cocci Neisseria Neisseria N. gonorrhoeae N. meningitidis N. sicca N. subflava N. mucosa N. lactamica General properties Shape and structure G- diplococci Coffee bean-shaped kidney-shaped Lipooligosaccharide (LOS) Pili Closely related DNA homology 70% General properties Cultivation Fastidious: chocolate agar plate Obligate aerobes, 5～10%CO2 Autolysis (N.meningitidis) Oxidase positive Fermentation certain sugars N. gonorrhoeae : Glucose N. meningitidis : Maltose Glucose General properties Very weak: cool, heat, drying, disinfectants N. gonorrhoeae /gonococcus Nonpiliated gonococci not virulent Phase variation turns pilus production on/off Antigenic variation N. meningitidis/menigococcus vascular damage skin rash renal failure shock disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) Disease Gonorrhea Adults Transmission: STD (sexually transmitted disease) Clinical disease: Genitourinary tract infection Male-Urethritis Female-Urethritis, cervix inflammation PID (Pelvic Inflammatory Disease) Sterility Cervix inflammation Disease Source: patients and carriers Transmission: respiratory tract nasopharynx→local infection→septicemia→meningitis Disease: epidemic cerebrospinal meningitis meningitis  Laboratory diagnosis Specimens Smears Culture Thayer-Martin VCN Oxidase test Maltose fermentation Antigen Detection and Enzyme Immunoassays Radioimmunoassay ELISA SPA coagglutination test Others DNA Probe Hybridization Antibiotic 1%Silver nitrate-- ophthalmia neonatorum No effective vaccine Antibiotic Resistance Increase in penicillin resistance since 1976 PPNG (penicillinase-producing N. gonorrhoeae ) plasmid mediated due to beta lactamase production Tetracycline resistance recognized in 1985 TRNG (Tetracycline resistance N. gonorrhoeae ) due to chromosomal mutation Sensitive to quinolones, cephalosporins Antibiotic 1%Silver nitrate-- ophthalmia neonatorum No effective vaccine T