esl第1次课材料段-落的展开写法2.docVIP

段落推展方法 推展句 The topic sentence states the main idea of a paragraph, while the supporting sentences develop the main idea of the paragraph specifically. 推展句的写作方法：定义法，分类法，例证法，列举法，因果关系法，对照比较法（类比法），综合法。 例证法(exemplification) 2. 举例法(example)　　作者通过举出具体事例来阐述、说明主题句的内容，严格地讲，举例法也是列举法的一种，它们的区别在于：列举法侧重罗列事实，所列事实力求全面；而举例法侧重通过举出典型事例来解释作者观点，且事例可多可少。 　　我们来看下面这个用举例法展开的段落。　　There are many different forms of exercises to suit different tastes. For example, those who enjoy competitive sports may take up ball games. For another example, if they prefer to exercise alone, they can have a run or take a walk in the morning or in the evening. Besides, people can go swimming in the summer and go skating in the winter. In short, no matter what their interests are, people can always find more than one sports that are suitable to them.　　本段采用了三个事例来说明主题句中的关键词组different forms of exercises，这三个例子分别由连接词for example, for another example 和 besides引出，最后由引导的结尾句总结全段内容。 举例法中常用的连接词有：for example (instance), one example is, besides, furthermore, moreover, in addition等。 There is nothing hard in the world for people with a strong will. A task, no matter how difficult, can be accomplished if a person makes up his mind to do it. Take Rome as an example. It is known that Rome was not built in a day. Before she was built, her founders had suffered a great deal of severe hardship, but they never lost their faith and eventually succeeded in their efforts. Columbus, who discovered America, is another example of strong determination. In spite of defeat and affliction, he went forward and succeeded because of his singleness of purpose and perseverance. 表示例证的方法 For example, for instance, as an example, for a typical example, Such as, so on. Let’s illustrate, show, prove… with the following example. Let’s take … as an example An example, an instance, a (typical) case in point Example The development of science and technology has brought about many changes in people’s life. This can be best illustrated by the invent