2017考研英语复习资-料非谓语动词.docVIP

2017考研英语复习资料-非谓语动词 第一节 动名词 定义：动词的ing形式起名词作用时，称为动名词, 在句中作 1.作主语: Dancing bored be. 作表语: Her hobby is collecting stamps. 作宾语：Please stop talking. 作介词的宾语：She was looking forward to leaving the hospital wards 1.动名词结构作主语 1.一般结构： Reading French is easier than speaking it. Talking to him is talking to a wall. Lying in bed is my solo exercise. Seeing is believing. Talking mends no holes. 先行词it作，动名词主语置后： It’s nice seeing you again. Is it worthwhile quarreling with her? It is tiring driving from morning till night. It’s a wonder meeting you here. It’s been a kind of misfortune having my class. There is + no +动名词，表示“没法......”= there is no way to do sth. There is no living in Beijing. There was arguing with her 2.动名词结构作表语 Her hobby is eating. She likes reading books. Denying this will be shutting one’s eyes to facts. His aim is everybody having a good time. (everybody作having a good time的逻辑主语) 3.动名词结构作宾语 Do you enjoying teaching? Other states are going to consider making a similar law to deal with euthanasia. Teachers’ union have fought against dismissing bad teachers and promoting good one. 4.动名词结构作介词的宾语 He has given up taking medicine. She insisted on writing at once. Are you interested in going with us? I was afraid of making friends. They accused him of taking bribes. 5.介词+动名词构成状语 Think twice before making up your mind. And, in doing so, he fell into contradictions. After standing in the queue in four hours, we got two tickets. Instead of going to the haven, we went to the hell. 6.介词+动名词构成定语 He is good at the art of making friends. To whom do I have the honor of speaking. It’s a device for opening bottles. 第二节 分词 定义：分词分为现在分词doing和过去分词done,补充说明名词或动词的状态，有形容词和副词的语法功能。用来替换基本句式中的形容词和副词，充当表语、补语、定语和状语。 1．分词具有形容词属性的语法功能：充当表语、补语和定语 1.分词结构作表语 1）现在分词作表语，与主语在逻辑上存在主动关系： She appears forbidding. The situation is encouraging. 2）过去分词作表语，与主句在逻辑上存在被动关系： He got promoted. She was encouraged to propose marriage to her lover. 注：现在分词作表语和动名词作表语的区别 1.动名词作表语，只能位于be动词