高考英语解题技法总论.ppt

高考英语解题技法总论——做题之前，先学通法，用方法引领备考，在实践中应用通法，依“法”循章，笑傲高考！ 蒋定超 2015年9月 题型一、完形填空 高考完形填空题是一种集词汇强化、语法渗透、句式表达、文化背景知识于一身的综合语言测试题，它旨在通过完整的语言环境，特别是通过对上下文的理解来检验学生综合语言知识的能力，同时考查学生的逻辑推理能力和对比上下文的驾驭能力，因此考生在做完形填空时，除了掌握必要的词汇、语法、习语搭配、文化常识等基础知识外，具有好的解题方法和良好的解题步骤和习惯，也是提高完形填空解题能力的重要因素。 一、解完形填空题的先后顺序——先速读、再巧做 二、完形填空题的3大着眼点——句内层次题、句组层次题、语篇层次题 完形填空注重在语境中考查词义。几乎所有备选项都要通过联系上下文确定。因此答有的由空格所在的句子决定，有的由相邻不远的一组句子决定，还有的由整篇内容综合决定。所以分为三个层次。 着眼点1：句内层次 通常有上下文语意理解、词义辨析、生活常识和文化背景、习惯搭配及固定结构、语法结构及逻辑关系五种。 考例1：I was a new ____ ,and I gave an honest account of the students’ work. Cleaner B. reporter C. monitor D. teacher 考例2：arriving in the Sunshine State was rather tiring, but I_______ to catch a taxi to my accommodation and settle in. Intended B. promised C. managed D. deserved 着眼点2、句组层次题 是指通过阅读空格所在的那一句话不能找出正确答案，需要结合题目所在句子以外的句子（句组）才可找出答案的题目。通常有上下文语感理解、词义辨析和逻辑关系三种。考例1、To get an ____, he was struggling against many difficulties. His family was poor. His Dad couldn’t afford the board at college, so Dale had to ride horseback 12miles to attend classes. assignment B. education C. advantage D. instruction 考例2：we all lead busy lives and learning a language takes _____ . You will have more success if you study regularly, so try to develop a routine. It doesn’t matter if you haven’t got long. Becoming fluent in a language will take years, but learning to get by takes a lot less. Courage B. time C. energy D. place 着眼点3：语篇层次题。是指无法在句内或句组确定答案，需要结合整个语篇才能找到答案的题目。主要考查语篇分析能力，通常有上下语义理解和逻辑关系两种 考例1、Dale Carnegie rose from the unknown of a Missouri farm to international fame because he found a way to fill a universal human need. It was a need that he first _____ back in 1906 When young Dale was a junior at State Teachers College in Warrensburg------ believing that practice in speaking could give Give him the confidence and recognition that He needed. ------ Dale came to understand that the ability to express an idea to an audience builds a person’s confidence. And , with it, Dale knew he could