情态动词语法讲解学习指导书.pptVIP

1. Ability （能力） 2. Obligation （义务） 3. Certainty （可能性） 4. Permission （许可） 1.Bob can not come out to play because he ________help Dad in the garden.A. can B. can not C. has to D. must must must 表示肯定的猜测，译为“一定”，不能用于否定句或疑问句。 This must be your pen. He must be doing his homework now. He must have arrived already. must 2. 表示“坚持”（常用于固定句型：if you must do sth. 如果你非得要做某事） 1. 表示许可。表示请求、允许时，might比may的语气更委婉一些。 3. Shall用于条约，规定，规章等文件中，表示一种义务，多用于第三人称中。 “The interest ___be divided into five parts, according to the agreement made by both sides.” declared the judge. A. may B. should C. must D. shall shall和will的比较 1. 表示请求、建议等，would比will委婉客气。 Will /Would you do…? (表请求would 更委婉)表意志，愿望，决心 would表过去反复发生的动作或某种倾向 “总是,总要” used to表过去常常（现在已没有这种习惯） “过去常常” used to 可于状态动词连用　would不可以 e.g. He used to be a quiet boy. (√ ) He would be a quiet boy. (×) should: 3. should表示意外或惊讶 常译为 “居然，竟然”。 I can’t believe such a gentleman should be so rude to the old. 我不敢相信这样一个绅士居然对老人如此无礼。 should: 4. should 表示猜测时，一般指按经验或逻辑判断，翻译成“照说应该，估计，想必” 三. “情态动词+have done”的用法 （1）must have done对过去某事的十分肯定猜测 （2）may/might have done对过去某事的可能性猜测 （3）can’t/couldn’t have done对过去某事的否定猜测 （4）should/ought to have done过去应该做而未做 （5）shouldn’t/oughtn’t to have done 过去不应该做而实际上做了 （6）needn’t have done 本没有必要做的事实际却做了 （7）could have done 本来能够做的（有能力做）事实际却未做到 Practice Practice 四. 可兼做行为动词的情态动词：need 、 dare These dishes need be cleaned carefully. These dishes need to be cleaned carefully. These dishes need cleaning carefully. will/would: sentence pattern Would you please… Would you mind… Would rather… Would you like… will/would: 2.表示意志、愿望和决心。 I will never do that again. will/would: 3.可表示经常性、习惯性、倾向性。翻译为“经常、惯于、总是”。 1).The old man _______have a smoke under a big tree every afternoon after he finished his farm work. would 2).门就是打不开 ! The door won’t open. will/would: 8.Giving advice (提出意见): You should not/ought not to eat so much before running. How delicious!!! should: 1.Should表示劝告、建议、命令，其同义词是oug