数控专业英语演示文件修改版.pptVIP

* Early machine tools were designed so that the operator was standing in front of the machine while operating the controls. This design is no longer necessary, since in NC the operator no longer controls the machine tool movements. On conventional machine tools, only about 20 percent of the time was spent removing material. 早期的机床是操作者必须站在机床前操作，现在由于使用了NC，操作者就不必直接控制机床运动了。在传统机床上，只有大约20%的加工时间用来切削材料。 * With the addition of electronic controls, actual time spent removing metal has increased to 80 percent and even higher. It has also reduced the amount of time required to bring the cutting tool into each machining position. 随着电子控制装置的加入，实际切削材料的时间已经增加到80%，甚至更高，NC也减少了将切削刀具放入每个加工位置的时间总数。 * In the past, machine tools were kept as simple as possible in order to keep their costs down.过去为了减少花费，人们尽量使机床简单。  Because of the ever-rising cost of labor, better machine tools, complete with electronic controls, were developed so that industry could produce more and better goods at prices which were competitive with those of offshore industries. 后来，由于劳动力价格不断上涨，完全采用电子控制装置的更好的机床出现了，因此企业能够生产出在价格上能与国外企业相竞争的、更多、更好的产品。句中主语是better machine tools ，谓语是were developed ，so that 引导结果状语从句，其中complete with electronic controls是插入语，which……从句做goods的定语。 * NC is being used on all types of machine tools, from the simplest to the most complex. The most common machine tools are the single-spindle drilling machine, lathe, milling machine, turning center, and machining center. NC正用于从最简单到最复杂的各类机床中。最普通的机床有：单臂钻床、车床、铣床、车削中心和加工中心。 * Single-spindle drilling machine单臂钻床 One of the simplest numerically controlled machine tools is the single-spindle drilling machine(Fig.2-1). Most drilling machines are programmed on three axes: 单臂钻床是最简单的数控机床之一，多数钻床是在三个坐标轴上编程的： The X-axis controls the table movement to the right and left. X轴控制工作台左右运动。 The Y-axis controls the table movement toward or away from the column. Y轴控制工作台靠近或远离立柱运动。 The Z-axis controls the up or down movement of the spindle to drill holes