Data Sources and Acquistion Feeding the GIS数据源和数据采集进GIS..pptVIP

Data Sources and Conversion  Feeding the GIS. Like a teenager, a GIS can consume more than data you ever imagined! Discussion here focuses more on projects than organization-wide implementation. Often, data collection is an end in itself. Almost invariably, it’s the costliest element of any project and of most organizational implementations-- 80%. 4. Design A Process for Obtaining and Converting Data from Source  --identify source (document, map, digital file, etc) for each and every entity and its attributes --defining the procedures for converting data from source and into the database ….some steps/tasks in the process Identifying data internal and external sources checking for completeness and quality new data via field or aerial surveys Fixing problems in the data source map scrubbing coding source documents with unique IDs Converting to digital form scanning or digitizing raster to vector conversion strategy entry of attribute data Data conversion specifications horizontal and vertical control projection coordinate system accuracy requirements Where do I get data? What form is it in? Where? Secondary: existing data already published/available special tabulation/contract Administrative records: data as by-product within your organization other organizations Primary data: from scratch developed in-house (DIY) contracted out (field work is always slow and expensive!) What format? machine readable (digital) hardcopy (paper, maps) Don’t forget to look in-house! collected by your organization as data by-product of normal agency operations acquired for some other project Don’t forget to look, especially if it’s a large organization. There may already be a GIS project in existence or about to be launched! Major GIS Data Sources Maps Drawings (sketch or engineering) Aerial (or other) Photographs Satellite Imagery CAD data bases Government commercial spatial (GIS) data bases Government commercial attribute data bases Paper records and documents Pre-p