Data Manipulation Fairleigh Dickinson University数据处理狄金森州立大学.pptVIP

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Data Manipulation Fairleigh Dickinson University数据处理狄金森州立大学.ppt

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Intro to CS Chapt 2 Data Manipualtion * Data Manipulation How is data manipulated inside a computer? How is data input? How is it stored? How is it output? How is it transmitted to other computers? What is machine language and how does it work? Intro to CS Chapt 2 Data Manipualtion * Computer Architecture Central Processing Unit Main Memory Peripherals Bus (and sometimes Bluetooth devices, switches) for connecting parts Bus is a collection of wires and circuitry for transferring data, addresses, control information Intro to CS Chapt 2 Data Manipualtion * PCI bus monitor Graphics controller Processor(s) cache(s) memory controller USB controller for USB bus/devices SCSI controller to SCSI bus and multiple disks ISA controller IDE controller to disks Parallel printers modem ISA bus mouse keyboard Serial printers, cameras, etc. Intro to CS Chapt 2 Data Manipualtion * USB and FireWire Serial communication standards to handle a variety of devices to communicate through the serial port (bits sent one by one rather than in parallel) Sample USB devices include Mice Keyboards Printers Scanners Digital cameras Intro to CS Chapt 2 Data Manipualtion * DMA Controller that allows device to place data into assigned address or retrieve data from assigned address in main memory directly (direct memory access) Device driver (via CPU) sends controller address of source, destination, amount of data to be transferred, operation Controller informs device driver (via interrupt register in CPU) when operation completes Intro to CS Chapt 2 Data Manipualtion * Communication devices for local loop Ethernet (IEEE802.3 wired LAN) NICs Connected to port with cat 5 (3,6) twisted copper wire WiFi (IEEE 802.11) wireless adaptor/NIC) Dial-up modem through existing telephone lines Modems for modulating digital input over analog waves DSL through existing telephone lines Cable modems through CATV cables FiOS – fiber and modem for the local loop Cellular phones – some WiFi enabled. Data rates in