Lecture不定式.pptVIP

Non-finite forms（非限定形式） 英语中动词的非谓语动词有三类： 1. 不定式：infinitive 2. 动名词：gerund 3. 分词： participle ｛present participle past participle ｝ (5) The matter to be discussed at the meeting is a hard nut to crack. (6) I am sorry for the articile not to have been finished in time. A. 在情态助动词之后： 边际情态动词dare, need , used to 5) She daren’t say anything. She doesn’t dare ( to) say anything. Dare he jump off the high wall? Does he dare ( to) jump off the high wall? B. 在半助动词之后： 半助动词：在功能上介乎主动词和助动词之间的一类结构. 它们可与主动词搭配构成复杂动词词组并表示情 态意义，有时也可与助动词搭配. be sure to, be due to, be going to, be likely to, be obliged to （不得不）, be meant to （打算，注定要）, be supposed to, be willing to, have to, seem to, had better, tend to, be about to C. 在情态成语之后： Would rather… (than)… Would sooner … (than)… Would ( just) as soon … (than)… May/ might as well … Cannot but/ Cannot help but … D. 在rather than/sooner than 之后： Eg. 1) Rather than cause trouble, he left. 2) Sooner than marry that man, she would earn her living as a waitress. 置于句首时， 后跟不带to不定式。 ★You rather than I are going to take part in the speech competition. ( 是… 而不是…) 3) The manager believes it is important to invest in new machinery rahter than to increase wages. 置于句中时，可带to也可不带 E. 在“主动词+主动词”固定搭配的第一主动词之后 e.g. 1) Let’s make believe we have a million dollars. 2)We hadn’t time for luncheon, but we made do with sandwiches. 3) They are not rich, but they make do on what they have. 4) He let fall a hint of his intentions. 5) Don’t let go of the handle. 6) I’ve heard tell of him. 7) It would be crazy to let a chance like that slip. （可用被动语态） 含义是“听过，看过”， 被动语态中要用to e.g. I have never known that man smile. Have you ever known him tell a lie? That man has never been known to smile. J. 在介词