[高中英语旧教材讲解]unit 8 讲解.docVIP

1. First aid is the science of giving medical care to a person before a doctor can be found. Anyone with the write knowledge can give the first aid;you don’t have to be a doctor.急救是在找到医生之前对病人进行医疗救护的科学。任何有正确的急救知识的人都可以进行急救；不一定非得是一个医生才行。▲first aid意为“急救”，指对危重病人进行的紧急抢救，与动词do,give,或offer相搭配，构成do/give/offer first aid to sb的结构。.Mary was badly injured in the match. First aid was offered at once.玛丽在比赛中受了重伤。人们立即对她进行急救。Tom hurt his arm during the volleyball match, and some of us gave him first aid.汤姆在排球赛中上了胳膊，我们几个人对她进行了急救。▲aid意为“帮助”在本单元中作名词用,常和介词to连用，意为“帮助”，“助手”。Let me lend my aid to you.让我来帮助你。 I hope this book will be a great aid to English composition.我希望这本书对英文作文大有帮助。【注】如果介词后为动名词，则介词应用in或forI give you an aid for solving problems.我帮助你解决问题。A dictionary is an important aid in learning a foreign language.词典是学习外语的重要工具。▲aid也可作动词用，意为帮助、援助，相当于help，但help是普通用语，而aid则显得较为庄重，不常用。They encouraged and aided him in his scientific studies.他们鼓励帮助他进行科学研究。At Christmas, many organizations aid the poor.在圣诞节期间很多组织帮助穷人。▲have to 与 must都有“必须”之意，在肯定句中，意思相差不大但它们的否定式（mustn’t 和 don’t have to）在意思上差别很大。mustn’t 含有禁止的意思，表示“不得做某事”，而don’t have to则表示“不必作某事”，相当于needn’t do sth.You mustn’t tell Mary about it.你绝不能把此事告诉玛丽。You don’t have to tell Mary about it.你不必把此事告诉玛丽。Must I hand in my composition before supper? No, you don’t have to.我一定要在晚饭前交作文吗？不不必。He mustn’t find out what’s happening.不能让他知道发生了什么事。2. First aid,if it is quickly and correctly given ,can save a person’s life.There are three important things to do if someone has had an accident.如果施救及时，并且正确，急救是可以挽救生命的。如果某人出了事故，那么就要做以下三件重要的事情。▲ to do在这里作定语修饰things，不定式作定语时，有时与被修饰的名词有一种逻辑上的动宾关系。I have a lot of work to do today.今天我有很多工作要做。Here is a book for you to read.这儿有一本书给你读。【注】当构成不定式的动词是不及物动词时，常需加一个词。He needs a room to live in.它需要有一间房子住。Is he a man to depend on?它是一个可以依靠的人吗？【注】有时作定语的不定式与被修饰的名词不构成这种逻辑上的动宾关系。The next train to arrive is from Nanjing.下一列到站的火车来自南京。He was always the last to leave.他总是最后一个离开。3. Check that the person can breathe. Open