2016考研英语阅读“例证题”三大做题要点.docVIP

2016考研英语阅读“例证题”三大做题要点 　　考研英语阅读是整体试卷分数最重的部分，也是让很多考生很“忧愁”的题型之一。下面就为同学们总结一下阅读中例证题解题方法。 　　一、判断题型 　　通过对考研英语阅读文章题干的观察分类例证题题干特点如下，当题干中出现example，demonstrate，illustrate，case，story，即可判断该题干为例证题，见历年真题题干如下： 　　1. Wilt Chamberlain is cited as an example to____. 　　2. George Washingtons dental surgery in mentioned to____. 　　3. The birthday phenomenon found among soccer players is mentioned to____. 　　4. The statement “It never rains but it pours” is used to introduce____. 　　二、方法 　　通过对历年真题的分析，例证题的考察主要考察的是论点论据的区分，即找出例子论证的论点。例证题可细分为两种类型，例子在文首，例子在文中。例 子在文首时，多为了引出文章主题，主题通常紧随例子后面;例子在文中时，多为刚刚陈述一个观点，接着举例论证的情况，所以观点多数情况紧随例子前面。 　　例子在文首见历年真题题干如下： 　　1.The extinction of large prehistoric animals is noted to suggest that________. 　　[A] large animal were vulnerable to the changing environment 　　[B] small species survived as large animals disappeared 　　[C] large sea animals may face the same threat today 　　[D] slow-growing fish outlive fast-growing ones 　　例子出现在文章首段，用过去式陈述过去发生在大型肉食动物身上的事情，一段末通过now这个时间指示副词和文章开头的arrived之间的对比，提出文章主题，Now something similar could be happening in the oceans。正确答案为最后首段末句的同义替换，C。 　　2. The birthday phenomenon found among soccer players is mentioned to____. 　　[A] stress the importance of professional training. 　　[B] spotlight the soccer superstars at the World Cup. 　　[C] introduce the topic of what makes expert performance. 　　[D] explain why some soccer teams play better than others. 　　一段通过一个现象的叙述，引出二段首的观点，此篇文章，主旨句特点比较明显，为段首的问句，问题的答案即为主旨，what might account for this strange phenomenon? 　　三、错误选项特点 　　通过对真题的分析，例证题错误选项的特征多为就事论事，混淆论点论据。见真题如下： 　　1. The extinction of large prehistoric animals is noted to suggest that________. 　　[A] large animal were vulnerable to the changing environment(文中一段例子中的细节，不可概括主题) 　　[B] small species survived as large animals disappeared(文中一段例子中的细节，不可概括主题) 　　[C] large sea animals may face the same threat today 　　[D] slow-growing fish outlive fast-growing ones(与文中一段三句相矛盾，属于一段例子中的细节上的反向干扰。) 　　综合分析其它三个干扰选项特征其实一句话概括，即题干问为什么举例，而干扰选项在说这个例子本身——就事论事，混淆论点论据。 　　2. The bir