海天英语1212.docVIP

【重点词汇】 market-oriented（以市场为导向的）←market市场+orient定位+ed形容词后缀。 permit（v.许可；许可证）即per+mit，per-(=through)，mit词根“传送”，故“允许传送过去”→许可。 同根词：emit（v.散发，发射）←e(=ex)+mit； transmit（v.传播；传导）←trans(=through)+mit。 embrace?（v.拥抱；包含）即em+brace，em-(=in)，brace词根“手臂”，故“使在手臂里”→拥抱→引申为“包含”。 coupled with?与……相结合； gain control over?获得对……的控制。 ? 【难句解析】 ①The American economic system is organized around a basically private-enterprise, market-oriented economy in which consumers largely determine what shall be produced by spending their money in the marketplace for those goods and services that they want most. ▲这是一个有定语从句和宾语从句的复杂句。首先要抓住的核心句为The American economic system is organized around a... economy。在economy后面是一个以in which引导的定语从句in which consumers largely determine，而这个从句中又有一个宾语从句what shall be produced。在定语从句中又有一个by引导的分词结构spending their money in the marketplace for those goods and services that they want most作状语，说明消费者是如何决定应生产何种产品，而这个方式状语中又有一个定语从句that they want most。 翻译?从根本上说，美国经济体制是围绕私有企业、在以市场为导向的经济基础上建立起来的。在这种体制下需要生产什么在很大程度上是消费者通过到市场花钱购买他们最需要的商品和服务来决定的。 ? ②Thus, in the American economic system it is the demand of individual consumers, coupled with the desire of businessmen to maximize profits and the desire of individuals to maximize their incomes, that together determine what shall be produced and how resources are used to produce it. ▲首先要抓住句首的thus，看到这个词，就应想到此句是前面叙述引出的结论。再看句子结构，跳过状语in the American economic system，先抓住这是一个强调结构It is... that，因此所强调的部分是理解的重点，而它由三个平行成分组成，分别为the demand of individual consumers，the desire of businessmen to maximize profits和the desire of individuals to maximize their incomes，中间用coupled with和and连接。而在that后面的部分有两个并列宾语从句what shall be produced和how resources are used to produce it接在动词determine的后面。翻译因此，在美国经济体制中，消费者个人的需求，加上商人获取最大利润的追求及消费者想最大限度提高购买力的愿望三者共同决定应该生产什么和如何利用资源来生产这些产品。 重点词汇： deposit?（v.n.存放；储蓄；沉淀）即de+pos+it，de-向下，pos词根“放”，it后缀表动词，“放下它”。反义词：withdraw (n./v.撤退；取回) horizon（n.?地平线；眼界）。 The horizon of life is broadened chiefly by the enlargement of the heart.生活的地平线主要由心胸的扩大而拓展。 We all