DT1410 Materials and Processes in Designdt1410材料和工艺设计.pptxVIP

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DT1410 Materials and Processes in Designdt1410材料和工艺设计.pptx

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DT1410 - Materials and Processes in Design Unit 1 - PROPERTIES OF MATERIALS Sub Atomic Particles Consist of: Protons Neutrons Electrons Protons Located in the Nucleus of and Atom Has a positive charge Number of Protons is the Atomic Number Neutrons Located in the nucleus of an Atom Has NO electrical charge Number of Neutrons is usually equal to the number or protons. Electrons Located outside the nucleus of the atom Housed in Electrical Clouds, Shells, Orbits Has a negative charge Moves around the nucleus in an orbit Atoms have a maximum of 8 Valence Electrons and are considered to be stable Electron Arrangement The electrons in the outermost shell (if it is not completely full) are available for bonding These electrons are called Valence Electrons Bonding is the chemical combining of 2 or more atoms. Valence The Capacity of an atom to combine with other atoms to form a molecule. Valence considers positive and negative charge of atoms, as determined by the gain or lose of electrons. Bonding The process when 2 or more atoms combine chemically is known as Bonding The 2 we are learning today are Ionic Bonding Covalent Bonding Ionic Bonding Electrons are either gained or lost by atom One atom is positive +, One is negative - Occurs between Metals and Nonmetals Metals lose electrons Nonmetals gain electrons Very strong bond – usually solids - with high melting temperatures Covalent Bonding Electrons are shared between atoms (co) Neither atom has an electrical charge Forces between atoms are weak – have low boiling or melting points Usually are liquids or gasses If a solid is usually a crystal Metallic Bond The metallic bond is actually a special case of an ionic bond. Think of metallic bonding as a more or less static arrangement of positive ions within a moving array of mobile electrons. This unique arrangement of cations and electrons give metals their characteristic properties. Metallic properties include: Heat conductivity?(mobile electrons can carry the kinetic e