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黄向敏 长江大学 抗震结构设计（双语教学） 笔记 第五章 1. Ductility Design Principle（延性设计原则） The frame system shall be provided with necessary seismic bearing capacity，adequate deformability，and better energy dissipation ability. 框架结构应具备必要的抗震承载力，良好的变形能力和消耗地震能量的能力 (1) Integral Yielding Mechanism for Structure 房屋总体屈服机制 (a) column-hinge yielding mechanism 柱铰屈服机制 (b) beam-hinge yielding mechanism （prior choice）梁铰屈服机制 (2) Ductility Requirement for Structural Members (a) Strong Column Weak Beam ——强柱弱梁 塑性铰出现在梁端（耗散地震能量），避免柱端铰； (b) Strong Shearing Weak Bending ——强剪弱弯 避免构件剪切破坏早于弯曲破坏； (c) Strong Node and Anchorage——强节点、强锚固 避免出现节点区及钢筋锚固破坏。 2.Integrality Principle（整体性原则） （1）Bi-direction Frame For frame structures, its frames shall be arranged in two orthogonal（正交的）directions．The centerlines of beam-to-column should coincide with each other． 框架结构中，框架应双向正交设置，梁、柱中线宜重合。 （2）Integrality of Floor To strengthen the integrality of floor, cast-in-situ rigid slab should be adopted. 加强楼盖整体性，宜采用现浇刚性楼面（刚性楼面可以使水平力通过楼、屋盖有效地传递给抗侧力构件）。 When precast floor or roof members are used, reliable connection shall be taken to satisfy the integrality of slab, when cast-in-situ topping with reinforcement is adopted for such purpose, the thickness shall not be less than 50mm． 采用装配式楼、屋盖时，应采取措施保证楼、屋盖的整体性。采用配筋现浇面层加强时，厚度不宜小于50mm。 (3) Integrality of Foundation The foundations shall have excellent integrality and anti-rotational capability. In one of the following cases, foundation tie beams（基础连梁） shall be installed along both principal axial directions： ? The representative values of gravity load on each column footing are differing greatly． ? The buried depths of foundations or their relative difference are greatly. ? On the poor soil layers． ? Connection between the single-pile caps． 3.抗震等级确定 For the seismic design of RC buildings，different measure grade shall be adopted according to the Seismic fortification i