Towards a Mathematical Science of …… 翻译.docVIP

1、Introduction 简介 In this paper I shall discuss the prospects for a mathematical science of computation . In a mathematical science ,it is possible to deduce from the basic assumptions,the important properties of the entities treated by the science. Thus，from Newton’s law of gravitation and his laws of motion,one can duduce that the planetary orbits obey kerpler’s laws. 我将在这篇文章中谈谈数学化科学计算的前景。在数学化的科学中，从一些基本的结论中可以推断：被数学科学处理地重要的实体前景。从而，从牛顿万有引力定律和他的运动定律，有人推出了行星轨道满足开普勒定理。 What are the entities with which the science of computation deals? 计算科学处理的实体是什么？ What kinds of facts about these entities would we like to derive? 关于这些实体我们想要的推导什么种类的事实？ What are the basic assumptions from which we should start? 从我们开始什么事基本的假设？ What important results have already been obtained? 已经获得什么重要的结论？ How can the mathematical science help in the solution of practical problems? 在实际问题上，数学化的科学怎么帮忙的？ I would like to propose some partial answers to these questions. These partial answers suggest some problems for future work. First I shall give some very sketchy general answers to the questions. First ,I shall give some very sketchy general answers to the questions. Then I shall present some recent results on three specific questions. Finally, I shall try to draw some conclusions about practical applications and problems for future work. 关于这些问题我想给出一些部分答案。这些部分答案对未来的工作问题有些建议。我先给出一些概要关于这些问题的答案。然后我将给出三个特殊问题一些当前的结果。最后我将试着得出一些关于实际应用和来来研究问题的结论。 2. What Are The Entities With Which Computer Science Deals? 什么是“计算机科学处理与实体？ These are problems, procedures, data spaces, programs representing procedures in particular programming languages, and computers. 这些问题，程序，数据空间，代表在特定的编程语言程序的方案，和计算机。 A problem is defined by the criterion which determines whether a proposed solution is accepted. One can understand a problem completely without having any method of solution. Procedures are usually built up from elementary procedures. What these elementary procedures may be, and how more complex procedures are constructed