宾语从句英语语法.docVIP

宾语从句英语语法 ???宾语从句(一) ??? 在复合句中用作宾语的从句叫做宾语从句。宾语从句是初中 HYPERLINK / \t _blank 英语中最重要的一种从句,它内容完整,句型结构较为复杂,主句和从句时态搭配要求严格,在 HYPERLINK /Special/zk/ \t _blank 中考 HYPERLINK / \t _blank 试题中频频出现。而且学好宾语从句也可为到高中学习间接引语、主语从句、表语从句及同位语从句打下良好的基础。??? 宾语从句常由that引导,在口语中常省略。当主句中谓语动词是现在或将来时态时,从句中谓语动词不受主句中谓语动词时态的影响,按需要可以使用任何时态。如:She says (that) she works from Monday to Friday. 她说她从周一至周五上班。(从句是一般现在时)She says (that) she will leave a message on his desk. 她说她要在他桌子上留个便条。(从句是一般将来时)She says (that) she has never been to Mount Emei. 她说她从来没有去过峨眉山。(从句是现在完成时) 当主句谓语是过去时态,从句中的时态一般用表示过去的某种时态。如:He said there were no classes yesterday afternoon. 他说昨天下午没有课。(从句是一般过去时)He said (that) he was going to take care of the baby. 他说他会去照看这个婴儿。(从句是过去将来时)He said (that) they were having a meeting at that time. 他说他们那时正在开会。(从句是过去进行时) 当主句谓语是过去时态,而宾语从句叙述某一客观真理(事实)时,宾语从句的时态则用一般现在时。如:The teacher told us(that) nothing is difficult if you put your heart into it. HYPERLINK /jstd/ \t _blank 老师告诉我们世上无难事只怕有心人。She said (that) her father is twenty-eight years older than her.她说她父亲比她大二十八岁He said that light travels much faster than sound. 他说光传播比声音传播快得多。 ?宾语从句(二) 由连接代词或连接副词引导的宾语从句。 引出名词性从句的连词whether和if,在引出宾语从句时,用法和意义相同。但是只能引出宾语从句和不在句首的主语从句,而whether除了引出宾语从句外,还可引出主语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。 例如:We dont know whether (if) it is right. 我们不知道它是否正确。? he question is whether she should do that. 问题在于她是否应该做那件事。 ??Whether it is true remains a question. 是真是假还是个问题。??试比较:??当if从句处在主句之后作“是否”讲时,引出的是宾语从句。例如: I dont know if it is true. 我不知道这事是否真实。 ?当if从句在主句之前作“如果”讲,则引出状语从句。例如:??I shall go there if I have time. 如果我有时间,我将到那儿去。 初中英语宾语从句小结 ?一、当由陈述句充当宾语从句时,用that引导,that无词义,在口语或非正式文体中常省略。如:She said that she would leave the message on the headmasters desk.她说她会把留言条放在校长桌子上。He said that he could finish his work before supper.他说他会在晚饭前完成工作二、当由一般疑问句充当宾语从句时,用if或whether引导,意为“是否”。如:?Alice wanted to know if/whether her grandmother liked the bag.爱丽斯想知道她祖母是否喜欢这个包。 I dont know whether hell come the day after tomorrow.我不知道他后天是否会来但直接与or not连用时,往往用whether(if…or