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Simultaneous determination of four aflatoxins and ochratoxin A in ginger and related products by HPLC with fluorescence detection after immunoaffinity column clean-up and post-column photochemical derivatization Jing Wen a,b, Weijun Kong b, Jian Wang a*, Meihua Yang b** a School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of TCM, Chengdu 611137, China b Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100193, China Abstract Ginger, a widely used spice or traditional Chinese medicine, is prone to be contaminated by mycotoxins. A simple, sensitive and reproducible method based on immunoaffinity column clean-up coupled with high performance liquid chromatography and on-line post-column photochemical derivatization-fluorescence detection was developed for simultaneous determination of aflatoxins B1, B2, G1, G2 and ochratoxin A in 25 batches of gingers and related products marketed in China for the first time. The samples were firstly extracted by ultrasonication with methanol-water (80:20, v/v) and then cleaned up with immunoaffinity columns for analysis. Under the optimized conditions, the limits of detection and quantification for the five mycotoxins were 0.03-0.3 μg/kg and 0.1-0.9 μg/kg, respectively. The average recoveries ranged from 81.3% to 100.8% for aflatoxins and from 88.6% to 99.5% for ochratoxin A at three spiking levels. Good linearity was observed for the analytes with correlation coefficients all higher than 0.9995. All moldy gingers were contaminated with at least one kind of the five investigated mycotoxins, while none of them were found in normal gingers. Ginger powder samples were contaminated slightly with the contamination levels below the limits of quantification, while Ginger tea bags were mainly contaminated by ochratoxin A at 1.05-1.19 μg/kg and ginger black tea bags were ma