2013题型指导--完形(陕西).docVIP

完形填空解题技巧 对于完形填空题，解题时应注意以下基本原则和解题步骤： (1) 注意并认真分析文章首句，它是了解全文大意的窗口。文章的第一句往往是该篇的主题句，它可以为我们提供解题的基本信息，因此要尽量利用想象，从第一句捕捉尽量多的解题信息。 (2) 良好的语境分析，是做好完形填空题的关键。答题前，要通读全文，而不要急于逐一作出选择。完形填空要求考生根据文章大意和上下文情景，作出符合文章逻辑关系的正确选择。因此解题时不要只限于空格所在的句子，也不要在没有弄懂文意的时候依次逐一填入。当然，对于那些较明显的答案，也可以作出同步选择，而对一时还不能确定的选项，等读完一遍并明确大意后再回头做，就可以做到心中有数，从而尽可能地提高答题的准确率。 (3) 通读全文并掌握文章大意后，再回头逐个选出答案。此时要处处紧扣主旨大意，并明确作者的主观态度，紧密联系上下文，让选择的答案符合主题思想和前后逻辑关系。 (4) 得出全部答案后，再通读全文，校对答案。这时要一气呵成，对短文的大意和情节形成一个整体明白的概念，以便查出错误，及时改正。 在具体答题时，应注意文章的行文结构；事理逻辑或常识知识；语言的感情色彩；词语的褒、贬含义；关键词的前后对应等等方面。 一、记叙文体裁完形填空 记叙类及夹叙夹议类完形填空不仅最有难度，还是较热门的一类体裁，所选文章语言地道、寓意深刻、可读性强。此类完形填空一般有以下三种结构特点：(1)纯叙述；(2)事例——观点；(3)观点——事例；(4)观点——事例——观点。 对记叙文体裁的完形填空，解题时要注意以下方面： (1) 读好短文首句，琢磨文章内容。 (2) 理清文章脉络，透彻理解语境。根据作者的叙事手段和语境对人物的语言、行为、心理等作出合理的想象和推理。 (3) 感受文体风格，领会作者意图。根据文章的写作风格，仔细揣摩作者的思想倾向和情感态度，从而达到对语境的准确理解，作出合理的选择。 【例】(2012年陕西) One sunny afternoon, a seven-year-old girl went for a walk. She crossed a large area of grassland into the woods 26 she realized that she was lost. Sitting on a rock and 27 what to do, she began crying. After a while, she 28 to walk along a wide path lined with tall trees and thick bushes. 29 it was getting dark, she saw a small, dark wooden house. She opened the door and 30 stepped in. Suddenly, she heard a strange noise, and she ran out the door and back to the 31 . Cold and tired, she fell asleep near a 32 . The girl’s parents were out and her dog, Laddy, was at home. Laddy 33 that his mistress (女主人) was in danger. He jumped 34 a window, breaking the glass. He looked in the fields, but he couldn’t find his mistress anywhere. However, from the ground came a 35 scent (气味) as he lowered his head. He 36 the scent and walked across the grassland. Barking 37 into the air, the dog 38 through the woods until he found the 39 . But the girl was not there, so he headed back to the woods. Much to his 40 , he saw his mistress’ blue shirt in the distance. He 41 ove