WTO课后习题答案(1-16).docxVIP

WTO课后习题答案Chapter 1Ⅰ.Discussion1．The GATT was established on a provisional basic after the Second World War in the wake of other new multilateral institutions dedicated to international economic cooperation.2．The GATT remained the only multilateral instrument governing international trade from 1948 until the establishment of the WTO.3．Most of the rounds of GATT dealt with tariff reduction only, but as tariff came down, non-tariff barriers went up.4．Success:① Promote and secure the liberalization of much of world trade over 47 years.②Continual reductions in tariff alone helped spur very high rates of world trade growth.③The momentum of trade liberalization helped ensure that trade growth consistently out-paced production growth throughout the GATT era.④It is an anchor for development and an instrument of economic and trade reform for some countries.Failure:①The General Agreement was on longer as relevant to the realities of world trade as it had been in the 1940s.②The GATT had been found wanting.5．Yes, it does.Ⅱ.Study of words and terms1 (1) 1995(2) provisional(3) tariff anti-dumping(4) liberalization protectionist contracting(5) deterioration2关税及贸易总协定回合布雷顿森林机构双边的诸边的多边的国际货币基金组织贸易自由化非关税贸易壁垒规则破坏，削弱 Ⅲ. Translation 关税及贸易总协定，又称GATT，是于二战后建立的，用于确保一个稳定的贸易和经济的世界环境的布雷顿森林机构下三大协定之一的协定。国际货币基金组织和世界银行是布雷顿森林机构的其它两个协定。然而，作为一个经常被提及的国际机构，GATT，在世贸组织成立前，在国际机构中扮演一个“真实”的角色，1995年1月1日，在多边贸易协定的乌拉圭回合最后一幕体现的结果中确立了WTO的正是成立。Chapter 2Ⅰ.Discussion WTO is the legal and institutional foundation of the multilateral trading system.2 .The cure of WTO is The Multilateral Trading System.Function:①Administering and implements the multilateral and plurilateral trade agreements which together make up the WTO.②Acting as a forum for multilateral trade negotiations .③Seeking to resolve trade dispute.④Overseeing national trade policies.⑤Cooperating with other international institutions involved in global economic policy making.3. Past :The system was developed through a series of trade negotiations, or rounds s