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ch1(PRINCIPLES OF COMPUTER ORGANIZATION)_1.ppt

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Chapter 1 PRINCIPLES OF COMPUTER ORGANIZATION Contents 1.1 Computer Hardware 1.2 Computer Codes 1.3 What is a Processor 1.4 Memory Systems 1.5 Input/Output System 1.6 Buses and Controllers 1.1 Computer Hardware New words and expressions(2): New words and expressions(3): Technical terms(1): Technical terms(2): Abbreviations: Content(1): The function of a computer system. Content(2): The Four components of a computer system. Content(3): Content(4): 1.2 Computer Codes New words(2): Technical terms(1): Technical terms(2): Content(1): Content(2): 1.3 What is a Processor New words and expressions(2): Technical terms(1): Technical terms(2): Technical terms(3): Content(1): Content(2): Content(3): 1.4 Memory Systems New words(2): Technical terms(1): Technical terms(2): Technical terms(3): Technical terms(4): Abbreviations: Content(1): Content(2): Hierarchical memory Content(2): Content(3): Page allocation and address translation Content(4): Content(5): 1.5 Input / Output System New words(2): participation 共享，参与 bypass 忽略，旁路 thermometer 温度计，体温计 Argument 参数，参量 Technical terms(1): Technical terms(2): Technical terms(3): Abbreviations: Content(1): Content(2): Content(3): 1. Programmed I/O Programmed I/O , also known as direct I/O, is accomplished by a program executing on the processor itself to control the I/O operations and transfer the data. , …. that are addressed by special move instruction. 2. Memory-Mapped I/OMemory-Mapped I/O is another form of Programmed I/O that maps the device connections to bits in the memory address space. An output command is a normal store instruction . An input command is a normal load instruction . Example : The Intel Penetium Pro Memory-Mapped I/O Allocation. 3. Interrupt I/O The processor sends a command to the device, to start it’s operation. After the request is made to the device, the proces