16、半格上的Kuratowski幺半群.pdfVIP

KURATOWSKI MONOIDS OF VARIOUS ORDERS ON LATTICES1 HongLi Wang YiDong Wang DePeng Tao YanLing Peng2 Department of Mathematics Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009 Abstract. In this paper, we study the well known Kuratowski monoids on lattices, looking for the Kuratowski monoids with various orders. Di?erent from the usual approaches, we pay attentions mainly the structure of the closings other than on the properties of the lattices. Some concrete closings are presented, which together with the complemented operator generates Kuratowski monoids with orders strictly less than 14. Keywords: Kuratowski monoid, closing, lattice 1. Introduction In paper [1], Kuratowski presented a result, called the Kuratowski 14-Sets Theory soon after it was discovered: Let X be a topological space, and let cl and C denote respectively the closure and complemented operators on subsets of X. Then, the actions of all cl, C and their compositions on an A ? X give out at most 14 distinguish subsets. Moreover, if X is ”not too bad”, e.g. X = Rn with the usual Euclidean topology, then there exists A ? X such that these actions on A produce exactly 14 distinguish subsets. This theorem looks very simple at the ?rst glance but turns out to be of deep meaning. Many mathematicians have contributed their e?orts to such a topic, mainly looking for the conditions for the topology on X with which 14 can be replaced by 12, 10, · · · , 2, or determining the order of the semigroup generated by cl and C, called a Kuratowski monoid (see [2-6]). Recently, observing that the power set 2X of X is a complete complemented lattice (under the including order) and cl and C are nothing but operators on such a lattice, with some nice properties such as C2 = id (the identity operator) and cl is a closing (see below for de?nitions), mathematicians started to study such a problem in the category of operators on lattices or more meaningful in the mathematical morphology theory (see [7-8]). It was alr