DevelopingaProjectPlan.pptVIP

Chapter 6 Developing a Project Plan Brief Content 1. From work package to network 2. Constructing a project network 3. Network computation process A. Forward pass—earliest times B. Backward pass—latest times 4. Practical considerations 5. Extended network techniques closer to reality A. Laddering B. Use of lags 6. Hammock activities Project Network The project network is a tool used for planning, scheduling, and monitoring project progress. The network depicts project activities, logical sequences, interdependencies, and times for activities to start and finish along with path through network. Developed network is very easy to modify when unexpected events occur with computer. These revisions can be communicated to participants quickly. 1. From Work Package to Network Project networks are developed from WBS. The primary inputs for developing a project network plan are work packages. An activity include one or more work packages. Networks are built using nodes and arrows. Node depicts an activity, and arrow shows project flow. Figure 6.1 The lowest level deliverable is circuit board. Each cost account represents one or more work packages. Activity A uses work packages D-l-1 and D-l-2. Activity C uses work package S-22-1. WBS/Work Packages to Network 项目活动网络构建过程 1. 召集项目团队核心成员，确保他们对各专业有丰富经验和直接知识。 2. 如果已经有项目工作分解结构(WBS)，直接把它们写在卡片上(最好用即时贴)，如果没有WBS，由团队核心成员讨论或用文件确定必须做的一切活动，并将它们记在卡片上。 3. 估计完成每项活动需要的时间，记录在每项工作卡片上，别忘了时间单位（小时、天、日或周、年等）。 4. 找出第一项工作，将这张卡片放在一个大工作板的最左边。 5. 问：“有没有可以与1号工作同时进行的其他工作?”如果有，将那张工作卡片放在1号工作的上方或下方，如果没有进行下一步。 6. 问：“什么是下一项必须做的工作，有其他工作可以同时进行码?”重复这样的提问过程，直到所有记录的工作都相继或平行排列好。在进行每一步时都要问一问是否有遗忘的其他工作 7. 给每项工作编号，用箭线连接，得到项目活动网络图， 活动记录卡片 项目活动网络图 3. Constructing a Network----Terminology Activity—Typically an activity consumes time--either work or wait（waiting for contracts to be signed, materials to arrive, budget clearance, etc）. Merge activity(汇合活动):That has more than one activity immediately preceding it. Burst activity(分支活动):Th