LecturesforOct.pptVIP

Lectures for Oct 9-11-16, 2006 Materials for Pavements Outline Basic Characterizations Subgrade Aggregate Asphalt Hot Mix Asphalt (HMA) Portland Cement Portland Cement Concrete (PCC) Common Characterizations Strength California Bearing Ratio (CBR) Stiffness Resistance Value (R-Value) Modulus of Elasticity (MR) Modulus of Subgrade Reaction (k) California Bearing Ratio (CBR) Measure: shearing resistance Units: percent Typical Values Subgrade: 0 to 20 Crushed rock: 50 to 100+ Resistance Value (R-Value) Measure: deformation resistance Units: ratio Typical Values Subgrade: 5 to 50 Crushed rock: 50 to 80+ Resilient Modulus (MR) Measure: stress-strain Units: psi, MPa Typical Values Subgrade: 3,000 to 40,000 psi Crushed rock: 20,000 to 50,000 psi HMA: 200,000 to 500,000 psi at 70°F WSDOT uses MR Modulus of Subgrade Reaction (k) Measure: reactive pressure to resist a load Units: lbs/in3, MPa/m Pounds per square inch per inch of deflection Typical Values: 50 to 1,000 lbs/in3 Correlations Use with great caution Subgrade Basic Classifications AASHTO M 145, M 147 (see WSDOT PGI) ASTM (see WSDOT PGI) Characteristic of Concern Strength or Stiffness Dynamic Cone Penetrometer (DCP) DCP – CBR Correlation Subgrade Specifications WSDOT Standard Specification 2-06 (Subgrade Preparation) and 2-03 (Roadway Excavation and Embankment) Compaction 95% maximum density 6-inch depth Three different compaction and moisture methods—depends of gradation of material being compacted. Less than 30% retained on No.4 sieve: Use AASHTO T99 More than 30% retained on No.4 sieve and less than 30%on the 0.75” sieve: AASHTO T180 or WSDOT Test Method 606 More than 30% retained on the 0.75” sieve: WSDOT Test Method 606 Equipment should be able to drive on it without substantial distortion Aggregate 92 – 96% of HMA by volume 70 – 80% of PCC by volume Aggregate Physical Tests Gradation and Size Nominal Max vs. Max size FHWA 0.45 Power Graph Fuller’s maximum density line Toughness and Abrasion Res