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* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Equilibrium of a Particle 3 Engineering Mechanics: Statics in SI Units, 12e Copyright ? 2010 Pearson Education South Asia Pte Ltd Copyright ? 2010 Pearson Education South Asia Pte Ltd Chapter Outline 3.1 Condition for the Equilibrium of a Particle 3.2 The Free-Body Diagram 3.3 Coplanar Systems 3.4 Three-Dimensional Force Systems Copyright ? 2010 Pearson Education South Asia Pte Ltd 3.1 Condition for the Equilibrium of a Particle Particle at equilibrium if - At rest - Moving at constant a constant velocity Newton’s first law of motion ∑F = 0 where ∑F is the vector sum of all the forces acting on the particle Copyright ? 2010 Pearson Education South Asia Pte Ltd 3.1 Condition for the Equilibrium of a Particle Newton’s second law of motion ∑F = ma When the force fulfill Newtons first law of motion, ma = 0 a = 0 therefore, the particle is moving in constant velocity or at rest Copyright ? 2010 Pearson Education South Asia Pte Ltd 3.2 The Free-Body Diagram Best representation of all the unknown forces (∑F) which acts on a body A sketch showing the particle “free” from the surroundings with all the forces acting on it Consider two common connections in this subject – Spring Cables and Pulleys Copyright ? 2010 Pearson Education South Asia Pte Ltd 3.2 The Free-Body Diagram Spring Linear elastic spring: change in length is directly proportional to the force acting on it spring constant or stiffness k: defines the elasticity of the spring Magnitude of force when spring is elongated or compressed ? F = ks Copyright ? 2010 Pearson Education South Asia Pte Ltd 3.2 The Free-Body Diagram Cables and Pulley Cables (or cords) are assumed negligible weight and cannot stretch Tension always acts in the direction of the cable Tension force must have a constant magnitude for equilibrium For any angle θ, the cableis subjected to a constant tension T Copyright ? 2010 Pearson Education South Asia Pte Ltd 3.2 The Free-