14.DSL,cablemodems-OhioStateECE.pptVIP

High Speed Digital Access Modems were initially intended to connect two computers Its current use is primarily to connect computers to ISP servers ? Shift of paradigm from host-to-host to host-to-network connections Demand and Internet infrastructure is in place Biggest problem is the connections from home to ISPs Solution: Use existing telephone and cable TV infrastructure Digital Subscriber Line (DSL) DSL provides high speed internet access over local loops xDSL = {A,S,H,V}DSL TP cables used for local loops has a bandwidth of 1.1MHz Telephone companies limit the bandwidth to 4KHz using filters (sufficient for voice communication) To allow multiplexing of large number of voice channels ADSL Asymmetrical DSL Deliberate asymmetry in upstream and downstream connection Higher bandwidth downstream (to subscriber), lower bandwidth upstream (to Internet) Adaptive data rates Factors like the distance between the residence and switching office, line quality, and signaling used affect the data rate ADSL tests the condition and the bandwidth availability before deciding on a data rate Similar to modems with fallback rates ADSL Digital Multitone Technique (DMT) Modulation technique used by DSL Combines QAM and FDM No specific way of bandwidth partitioning Generally, 1.1MHz is divided into 250 channels of 4.312KHz ADSL Possible bandwidth division with DMT Channel 0: Voice Channels 1-5: Idle to separate voice and data Channels 6-30: 1 control and 24 data 24 channels using 4KHz each with QAM24 x 4000 x 15 = 1.44Mbps max upstream Channels 31-255: 1 control and 224 data 224 channels using 4KHz each with QAM24 x 4000 x 15 = 13.4Mbps max downstream Actual rates: Upstream: 64Kbps-1Mbps Downstream: 500Kbps-8Mbps ADSL Equipment Customer Side – ADSL Modem Telephone Company Side - DSLAM xDSL SDSL – Symmetrical DSL Unlike ADSL, the bandwidth partitioning is symmetrical More suitable for businesses HDSL – High-bit-rate DSL Alternative to T-1 (1.544Mbps) line, which uses AMI encoding