ImageandVideoFundamentals.ppt

Demos of Image Color Models Image and Video Fundamentals Jianhua Ma , CIS, Hosei U * Image and Video Fundamentals Light and Color Models - RGB, HSB - Luminace and Chrominace YIQ, YUV, YCrCb Image Data Formats Video Camera and Display Scanning Video and Interlaced Scanning Analogy NTSC and PAL Video Digital Video Luma Sampling and Chroma Sub-Sampling Video Coding Standards Organizations Lesson 4 1839: Daguerreotype Cameras 1893: Telephone Audio Broadcasting (Puskas) 1895: Wireless Communication (Marconi, Popov) 1895: Film Presentation (Lumiere Brothers) 1919: Radio Broadcasting (Holland, Canada) 1934: US establishes FCC 1935: TV Broadcasting (Germany, Britain) 1941: US BW TV History History (Cont…) 1951: Videotape Recorder (Bing Crosby Enterprises) 1953: US Color TV (NTSC) 1963: Geostationary Satellites 1985: FCC establishes ATSC - standard by 1993? 1989: Analog HDTV Broadcasting (Japan) 1993: VCD (Video on CD Based on MPEG-1) 1994: Digital Video Broadcast CD Based on MPEG-2 1996: ATSC Standard Adopted 1999: Internet/Web Video Broadcasting (MPEG-4) 2001: Wireless Internet Video Communications 2003: Digital TV Broadcast (Japan) Light Light exhibits some properties that make it appear to consist of particles; at other times, it behaves like a wave. Light is electromagnetic energy that radiates from a source of energy (or a source of light) in the form of waves Visible light is in the 400 nm – 700 nm range of electromagnetic spectrum Intensity of Light The strength of the radiation from a light source is measured using the unit called the candela, or candle power. The total energy from the light source, including heat and all electromagnetic radiation, is called radiance and is usually expressed in watts. Luminance is a measure of the light strength that is actually perceived by the human eye. Radiance is a measure of the total output of the source; luminance measures just the portion that is perceived. Brightness is a subjective, psychological me