【掌控中考】(云南专版)2016中考英语第二篇中考专题突破专题10复合句复习课件人教新目标版讲解.ppt

* 专题十　复合句 复合句包括状语从句、宾语从句、定语从句、主语从句等等,但初中阶段重点掌握状语从句、宾语从句及部分定语从句。 宾语从句 构成规则 连接词 连词that引导由陈述句变来的宾语从句。 连词if或whether引导由一般疑问句或选择疑问句变来的宾语从句。特殊疑问词(when,how,what…)引导由特殊疑问句变来的宾语从句。 语序 从句一律用陈述句语序,即主语+谓语 时态 1.主句是现在时,从句根据实际情况使用相应时态。 2.主句是过去时,从句使用过去时的某种形式。 3.从句表示的是客观事实、真理、自然现象等时,不管主句使用什么时态,从句都用一般现在时。 考点1:宾语从句 【注意】在介词之后,动词不定式之前或在or not之前,只用whether,不用if。 eg:I can??t decide whether to buy this bike or not.我还没决定是否买自行车。 状语从句 时间状 语从句 when;while;as;before;after;since;until;as soon as She was cooking when someone knocked at the door. I didn??t go to bed until she came back. 条件状 语从句 if;unless; as long as They will have a picnic unless it rains next Sunday. 原因状 语从句 because;since;as;for He didn??t catch the first bus because he got up too late. 目的状 语从句 so that Please say it in a loud voice so that everyone can hear it. 状语从句 结果状 语从句 so that;so…that;such…that It is such a heavy box that nobody can move it away. 让步状 语从句 though; although; even if He would not be happy though he should have to live alone. 比较状 语从句 than;as…as,not as/so…as He ran as fast as Mike. 考点2:状语从句 　1.主句与从句时态一致的问题 在时间状语从句和条件状语从句中,主句和从句之间的时态一致问题一般分为下列两种情况: (1)主现从现:若主句是祈使句,或主句中有情态动词时,那么从句用一般现在时表示将来时。 eg:The traffic must stop when the lights are red.当红灯亮时,车辆必须停下。 (2)主将从现:主句用一般将来时,而从句用一般现在时。 eg:If she comes here tomorrow,I will go to the park with her.如果明天她来这里,我将和她一起去公园。 (3)宾语从句和状语从句同时出现。 eg:I don??t know if(是否)he will come.If(如果)he comes,I will tell him about the accident.我不知道他是否要来。如果他来,我将告诉他这起事故。 (4)过去时态:若主从句都是在叙述过去的事情,则主从句可以用一般过去时,或过去进行时。 eg:Mother was cooking when I got home yesterday.昨天我到家时,妈妈正在做饭。 2.so…that从句可以转换成too…to和not…enough to单句。 考点3:定语从句 　　引导定语从句的关系代词有who(whose,whom),which,that;关系副词有when,where,why。我省近几年主要集中在对关系代词的考查上。 关系代词引导的定语从句的具体用法: 关系代词 用法举例 that在从句中作主语或宾语 指物 A plane is a machine that can fly.(作主语) 指人 The girl(that)we saw yesterday was Jim??s sister.(作宾语) which在从句中作主语或宾语,可省略 指物 They planted trees which didn??t need much water.(作主语) The fish(which)we ate yesterday was cooked by Jim??s sister.(作宾语) who在从句中作主语或宾语,