牛津高一英语语法--定语从句.docVIP

牛津高一英语语法--定语从句 『定义』 在复合句中充当定语的从句叫定语从句。定语从句的作用相当于形容词， 用来修饰主句中的某一名词或代词或整个主句，所以，也称作形容词性从句。被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词，定语从句一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词之后。在先行词 和定语从句之间起连接作用的词叫关系词。关系词有关系代词和关系副词两种。 1) The man who lives next to us is a policeman. 先行词 关系代词 定语从句 2) You must do everything that I do. 先行词 关系代词 定语从句 一、关系代词引导的定语从句? 引导定语从句的关系代词主要有who, whom, whose, which, that等。它们分别代替前面的先行词，并在定语从句中作主语、宾语或定语。 A．who ? ? What was the name of the man who lent you the money ? 借钱给你的那人叫什么名字？（定语从句修饰先行词the man）? He who laughs lst laughs best. ? 谁笑到最后谁笑得最好。（定语从句修饰先行词he）? The chairman of the meeting, who spoke first, sat on my right. ? 会议主席坐在我右边，他先发言。（定语从句修饰先行词the chairman） B．whom?? There are some people (whom/who)we like and others (whom/who) we dislike. ? 有些人我们是喜欢的，有些人则是我们讨厌的。（定语从句分别修饰先行词people, others）? The people whomwho I work with are all friendly. ? 和我一起工作的人都很友好。（定语从句修饰先行词the people）? Mr Carter, whom I spoke to on the phone last night, is very interested in or plan.? 昨晚我在电话里和卡特先生交谈过，他对我们的计划很感兴趣。（非限制性定语从句中不能用who代替whom）? Two men, neither of whom I had ever seen before, came into my office. ? 两个人来到我的办公室，我以前从未见过他们。（在介词后面不用who） C．whose? ?? There are some people whose faces you can nevr forget. ? 有些人，他们的脸你永远难以忘怀。（定语从句修饰先行词people）? I saw some trees whose leaves were black because of the polluted air. ? 我看见一些树的树叶由于空气污染而发黑。（定语从句修饰行词trees） D．which ? ? English is a language which is easy to learn. ? 英语是一门容易学的语言。（which在定语从句中作主语，不能省略）? This is a folk song which is now very popular. ? 这是目前非常流行的一首民谣（which在定语从句中作主语，不能省略）? The river which flows through London is the Thames. ? 流经伦敦的河叫泰晤士河。（which在定语从句中作主语，不能省略）? The children like cookies (which) my wife makes. ? 孩子们喜欢我夫人做的饼干。(关系代词which作makes的宾语，可以省略)? ? Jim passed his driving test, which surprised everybody. ? 吉姆通过了驾驶考试，这使大家都感到惊讶。（定语从句修饰的是整个主句，而不是the driving test）? Sheila couldnt come to the party, which was a pity. 希拉不能来参加聚会，真遗憾。?（定语从句修饰的是整个主句，而不是the party）?? John stayed here for a week, during which time we visited the West Lake