河南省洛阳市中成外国语学校2017届高三英语一轮复习 非谓语动词作状语课件.pptVIP

* 在表达一个完整意义的句子里面只能有一个谓语动词，其余附属于该句的动词都应使用非谓语的形式。动词的非谓语形式有三种：动词不定式（to do ），现在分词（doing），过去分词（done），可以在句子中作不同的成分，它们又有时态和语态的变化。 不定式的时态变化： to do, to be doing, to have done, to have been doing to be done, to have been done 不定式作状语 不定式作状语时相当于一个状语从句，不定式作状语时往往用来作目的 状语、结果状语或原因状语。 目的状语： To be a winner，you need to give all you have and try your best. To complete the project in time，the staff were working at weekends. “为了......” Bob took down my telephone number so as not to forget it. 不定式用于so...as to...；such...as to；enough to...；too...to；only to等 结构中往往用来作结果状语: He is such a fool as to think that his idle chatter can influence others. He hurried to the booking office only to be told all the tickets had been sold out. 结果状语： Im too tired to stay up longer. 不定式的被动态 原因状语： 不定式与形容词连用时，大多表示原因，用来作原因状语。这些形容词主要有：happy，kind，surprised，frightened，angry，shocked，glad， delighted，disappointed等。 Im very glad to hear the news. Im only too glad to have passed the exam. You will never know how happy I was to see her yesterday. 不定式的完成式 注意： 在“主语+系动词+表语（adj.）+to do”结构中，句子的主语与不定式 有逻辑上的被动关系，且形容词表示主语的性质或特征，这时，需用不 定式的主动形式表示被动意义。用于此种结构的形容词常有：easy, hard, difficult, important, impossible, interesting, pleasant, nice, comfortable, safe, dangerous等。 This question is easy to answer. The book is difficult to understand. 现在分词的时态、语态变化： doing, having done being done, having been done 过去分词无变化 现在分词作状语 主动、进行 分词作状语时，分词的逻辑主语必须与句子的主语保持一致。分词 作状语必须和句中主语含有逻辑上的主谓或动宾关系，否则一般不能使 用分词作状语。 Hearing the news，they got excited. When they heard the news, they got excited. → Be careful while/when you cross the street. Be careful while/when crossing the street. → Having been told many times，he still repeated the same mistake. Though he had been told many times，he still repeated the same mistake. → Having been bitten by a snake, she was frightened at it. After she had been bitten by a snake, she was frightened at it. → 现在分词的完成被动态 过去分词作状语 被动、完成 The teacher came into the lab，followed by some